KAO WAO NEWS No. 63

 

An electronic newsletter for social justice and freedom in Burma

February 26 – March 6, 2004

 

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READER’S FRONT

LANDMINE USE BY BOTH PARTIES

LAMINE VILLAGE PROMOTED TO TOWN

MOULMEIN POLICE FORCE: SHOW ME THE MONEY

FIGHTING BETWEEN DKBA AND KNU

HUMAN TRAFICKKING THE ONLY BUSINESS IN TOWN

BUDDHISM EXAM IN THE CAPITAL

BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION FOR REVERED MONK

MON NATIONAL DAY IN NORTH AMERICA

SCHOLAR: IDP NOT HUMANITARIAN CRISIS

CAUTIOUS OPTIMISM OVER LATEST UN BROKERING

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READERS' FRONT

 

Dear Readers,

We invite comments and suggestions on improvements to Kao-Wao newsletter. With your help, we hope that Kao-Wao News will continue to grow to serve better the needs of those seeking social justice in Burma. And we hope that it will become an important forum for discussion and debate and help readers to keep abreast of issues and news. Above all, we hope the newsletter will be used as a vehicle for those who want to share their views and experiences.  We reserve the right to edit and reject articles without prior notification. You can use a pseudonym but we encourage you to include your full name and address.

 

Regards,

Editor

kaowao@hotmail.com, kaowao@shaw.ca

www.kaowao.org

 

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Correction

Please read; “The Mon leader is survived by his three children Nai Mon Htow, Nai Yi Mon and Mi San San Yin” instead of “two children” in the article “Mon Leader Nai Dhamma Nay Passed Away” (Kao Wao 62).

 

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Mon State at war

 

LANDMINE USE BY BOTH PARTIES

(Kao Wao: February 29, 2004)

 

Three porters and two soldiers from Burma Army were wounded after stepping on landmines, said a victim Nai Hlear who fled to Thai Burma border.

 

The two injured soldiers were sent to the military hospital at Southeast Command in Moulmein but Nai Bee one of the porters was sent to a public hospital and his family had to pay a huge sum of money for the treatment.

 

The men were grabbed by the Burma Army and forced to march ahead of the patrolling troops. Nai Bee (age 33) was the first to step on the landmine and lost his leg, the incident occurred around his own village, Krein Kanyar in southern Ye.

 

"I was wounded in my chest and my younger brother Nai Bee lost one leg,'' said a landmine victim Nai Taw Mon.

 

Asked why he decided to work in Thailand, Nai Hlear said the soldiers ordered him to buy alcohol, but he wasn’t able to do so because it was after midnight and the stores were closed, so decided to flee across the border to Thailand to avoid a likely death threat for failing to get the alcohol.  His village contained about 150 homes before the military operation, but only 80 households remain. He also fled because he thought his village, along with his home and family, would be uprooted in the near future.

 

While at the Halockhanee Mon Refugee Camp, Nai Hlear showed his chest wound to the camp leader Nai Kao Chan who interviewed him about the incident.

 

During the operation, a Buddhist novice was wounded after stepping on a landmine when trying to avoid the SPDC soldiers patrolling around the monastery, said a woman from Krein Kanya village.

 

A medic from Yang Rae said, “Most of the (landmine) victims are innocent villagers and not the soldiers”.

 

In July 2003, Light Infantry Battalion No. 273 took villagers in the southern part of Ye Township to carry ammunition during their offensives against Mon guerrillas led by Nai Hloin and Nai Bin.  A young girl Mi Aye Thar stepped on a land mine and died instantly in mid July 2003.  Three days later, 3 porters stepped on land mines, Nai Hein, a 38-year-old man died, while the other two men were physically maimed for life after serious injuries from the explosion. 

 

According to local source, both the Burma Army and the Mon armed group use landmines.

 

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Life in Mon State

 

LAMINE VILLAGE PROMOTED TO TOWN

(By Taramon / Sangkhlaburi: February 26, 2004)

 

The biggest village in northern Ye, Mon State, was promoted as a town this year but some religious compound were taken over to build government offices.

 

Mi Sein from Lamine village said, “Houses were relocated to make room for the expansion of roads, the SPDC authorities planned to confiscate more land but the Buddhist monks in the village requested that half only be taken”.

 

“The SPDC will build the main offices such as Immigration Department on the confiscated land,” said Zarni a businessman from Lamine.  “Those who have houses near by the main road worry that their houses will be uprooted for this promotion”, he added.

 

Local source reported the central plaza in the village, which is better constructed than any other town’s plaza, has been moved.

 

The SPDC does not pay any compensation to owners of houses which are relocated for the expansion.

 

Located on the Moulmein-Ye railroad, Lamine has over 4,000 households and it is well known for Kyaik Kelasa pagoda where several pilgrims come from all over Mon State in spring, 12th lunar month of Mon calendar.

 

Ham Gam, the biggest village in southern Ye, has also been expanded into towns according to the source from the SPDC authority.  The SPDC had implemented a plan to expand about ten villages in Mon State but other villages are still on hold as to whether they will too be included in the master plan.

 

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MOULMEIN POLICE FORCE: SHOW ME THE MONEY

(By Taramon, Kao Wao: February 20, 2004)

 

Criminal suspects were released after paying a bribe of 5,000 Kyats to the chief of police at Moulmein detention center, said a detainee released last week.

 

University students dating in the dark, merrymakers, drug addicts and bar workers were arrested according to the Crime Preventive Act 47 by the police raid in the capital city of Mon State.

 

“They were made to pay 5,000 Kyats for their release after being detained for a week," Nai Saik Layah said. "There is no trial, just show them the money."

 

Some women were nabbed walking home from their restaurants or bars after finishing their work, said the source.

 

"Two women from Nadi Hlaing Restaurant were locked up at Myo-Ma detention center," he added.

 

According to a detainee, about one hundred people were rounded up for the slightest misdemeanor in the Mon State capital during the raid; many being innocent were released after handing over the bribe.

 

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FIGHTING BETWEEN DKBA AND KNU

(By Taramon / Sangkhlaburi)

 

February 25, 2004 -- Three soldiers of Democratic Karen Buddhist Army were killed and one wounded after Karen National Union ambushed the group on February 20, 2004.

 

According to a source close to the DKBA, they were traveling around by truck carelessly in an area controlled by the KNU and were attacked in eastern Ye Township, Mon State about 20 kilometer from Ye city.

 

“Three soldiers were killed, one wounded, and the car was completely destroyed,” Nai Dong Taw, a Mon guerrilla with close ties to the DKBA said.

 

The pro-Rangoon troops, he said, travel carelessly because they have poor military training and joined the forces only for economic reasons.

 

Last February 14, one DKBA soldier was killed and two were wounded after ambushed by the KNU troop.

 

The local sources said about ten houses of Mayan Chaung have moved to another place for security reasons after the attack.  The village is located near the DKBA base.  Two columns under the DKBA Battalion No.907 patrol the area.

 

The pro-Rangoon DKBA has been actively involved in the drug trade and illegal vehicle business along the border, reported a business community from the Thai-Burma border.

 

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Migrant Watch

 

HUMAN TRAFICKKING THE ONLY BUSINESS IN TOWN

(By Taramon / Sangkhlaburi)

 

February 27, 2004 – Human trafficking business increases during the dry season at Three Pagodas Pass border town opposite of Kanchanaburi Province according to a town resident.

 

The SPDC’s personnel from the immigration department, military intelligence, and some cease-fire groups allow migrant workers to cross into Thailand from the Burma border after paying them off with bribes.

 

Risking their lives and paying exorbitant fees, “They have to pay two hundred each to the multi-checkpoints in the town.  The migrants have to pay five hundred Baht so the immigration office can blind fold them before crossing into the town to reach Thai soil,” said an anonymous resident.

 

Before arriving to the Three Pagodas Pass town, the migrants have to pay two hundred Baht for hiring a motorbike and five hundred for a car to get to the border from Tadane village; about 9 km ride from the Thai border.

 

After arriving in Thailand, the source said, migrants are picked up by the snake heads to transport them to their desired place in Thailand.  Many migrants end up in debt to snake heads and very often are deported back to the border after being arrested and subsequently bribed again by the police for illegal entry.

 

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Culture and religion

 

 

BUDDHISM EXAM IN THE CAPITAL

(Kao Wao: February 26, 2004)

 

Mon monk community took Buddhism exam held in the capital of Mon State, Burma on February 23, 2004.

 

Ramanya Nikarya, the biggest Mon Buddhist monk community, sponsored its annual examination at different levels and 262 monks have passed the examination according to Rev. Banya TalaNai.

 

912 monks took the exam at the Mid Buddha Sasana Temple (Kyaik-LaDorw-Sasana) which started on February 19 and lasted for four days.

 

The former BSPP government banned the Pha-Tha.Ma.Pyan (Buddhism Studies) State Examination in Mon language in the 1980s and replaced it with the Burmese language.  After the cease-fire in 1995, the New Mon State Party leader Nai Shwe Kyin requested the military junta for the admission of Mon monks to sit in the Pha-Tha-Ma-Pyan exam in Mon language and it was allowed.

 

However, the Government’s Supreme Buddhist Monk Association issued an order to Mon Buddhist monks in 2002 allowing the examination only to be taken inside Mon State and Rangoon.  The order disappointed several Mon monks who reside in other areas in Karen State and Tenasserim Division.

 

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BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION FOR REVERED MONK

(By Taramon / Sangkhlaburi)

 

February 25, 2004 – The most famous Mon Buddhist monk celebrates his 94th birthday on February 25th.

 

The birthday celebration starts from February 25 to 29, Sunday (the day he was born) at Wat Wangka monastery of Mon village, which the senior monk founded about 20 years ago. 

 

Before the birthday, the Abbot celebrated nine days of Paritta citing at the monastery compound which is believed to protect evil that harm all beings.  Hundreds of Buddhist monks from Burma and Thailand have already gathered at his monastery since before the celebration.  About one hundred novices and monks were ordained for the birthday said Ms Mi Sai a devotee from the Sangkhalaburi town.

 

The celebration is one of the most popular fairs at the Thai Burma border town; several visitors, including Thai authorities and leaders of the New Mon State Party, from Kanchanaburi province and other places have come to join in the festivities.

 

The Abbot Reverence Uttama, Ms Sai said, prohibits alcohol and drug use at the village, which is built in his monastery religious area.  But the monk is disappointed when he learned that many villagers did not obey his teaching even though they respect him very much.  The villagers are free from government taxes since it is in a religious compound protected by him.

 

“The people live in this village, which is like a sanctuary.  The Abbot himself, who has lived in Thailand for over five decades, has not applied for Thai citizenship.  He does not want to see Mon people succumbing to the Thai’s assimilation and domination policy,” she said.

 

According to local villagers, the revered monk is not only known for his work on Buddhism but many people visit him for their self protection and promotion which supports his standing in the community.

 

Mon and Burmese traditional Pwes are a very popular social activity.  Many souvenir shops, traditional boxing and Pwes were organized for the party.  The village administrators take responsible for all the fairs.

 

The Abbot who was born at Maw-Ka-Nin, Ye, fled from the civil war in Mon State to the Thai border village, at that time was unpopulated and full of dense forest.  Reverence Uttama built Three Pagodas Zedi which was under the water after construction of Khao Laem dam in early 1980.  He then built the present Kyaik Sam-Souk (Three Pagodas) at the new Mon village.

 

In the past, Mon guerrillas stayed in the area using the monastery compound as a camp.  Several Mon leaders including the late President of New Mon State Party lived in the camp beside the monastery.

 

The Abbot built many religious buildings in Burma and Thailand especially in the poor areas.  He is very friendly and spends his time answering any questions raised from various people who come to visit him.

 

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Overseas Mon community

 

MON NATIONAL DAY IN NORTH AMERICA

(By Kun Yekha)

 

The Mons in Fort Wayne celebrated 57th Mon National Day in the evening on February 7 where more than four hundred people crowded into the Sunset Hall of Southern Fort Wayne, Indiana.

 

For the Mon community here, the event is most exciting; with a united will to show their national pride.  They seemed eager and active for the participation to preserve their identity as a nation with a rich culture that once established kingdom and sovereignty. 

 

The well-organized celebration attracted diverse nationalities of Laotian, Siri Lankan, Vietnamese, Burmese, Karen, Shan and many Americans.  There was a high sense of energy and passion; the ceremony was quite lively with merrymaking; featuring portraits and cooperation.  Ushers were busy with guiding the guests to the seats and people were graciously served.

 

At the entrance of Sunset Hall, the people were signing up at the reception desk, viewing photos of Monland Restoration Council, buying Mon CDs and shirts that featured the national symbol, and picking up information papers.

 

On the right side to the entrance, a portrait of Mon Phoe Cho, a founder of Mon national movement and lecturer at Rangoon University who taught Burma’s independence leader General Aung San,  was displayed on the wall.  An artist Nai Aung Sein offered this portrait for this event painted by him.

 

The stage was colorfully lit; set in the background on the back wall was the large banner that read “The 57th Anniversary Mon National Day”.  2 MCs Nai Janu Mitta and Mi Sike Pakkao announced the agendas both in English and Mon to the audience.  A group led by Nai Taing Waeng marched to the front of the stage, proudly holding up the national flag which commenced the celebration. All people stood up to salute the flag and, sang the Mon and American National Anthems. The chorus of “Reh Ni Gom” National Anthem filled up the hall when they hoisted up the Mon flag gradually.

 

Nai Sike, the President of convening committee, explained the aim of MND followed by Nai Htira Rama’s welcoming message.  A statement was read by Mi Aye Mon in the Mon language.  The information committee was busy with cameras and computers while Mon community leader Nai Banyadean talked to the local media about the event.

 

 “We have prepared for four months for this occasion” said Nai Mon Chai while serving food to the guests.  The audiences were silent when Mi Non Htaw performed solo dance (Tarlayine Moa), the popular “candle dance” (Leeh-kwai Pamoot-panaing) and “Pagan Period dance” (Leeh Khit Bakarm).

 

The beautiful dancers performed gracefully in unison and were gratefully applauded several times.  Mon traditional foods were served in twenty-minute intervals.  “I like the food even though it’s a bit spicy”, said an American guest.

 

Kenneth A. Rogers, Associate Dean and Director of International Service of Bloomington University, delivered a keynote speech.  He lived in Moulmein for years and is quite familiar with the Mon people, history, and culture. “I was able to acquire some valuable insights and understandings that today continue to inform and guide my efforts on behalf of exiles from Burma who share a common dream of returning to the land of their birth and shaping its future development,” said Mr. Rogers.

 

Tommy Shoupe, a representative of Congressman Mark Souder, and Mr. Federick C. Gilbert, a social worker, who help refugees from Burma also gave speeches.  Mr. Gilbert in Mon national dress was greeting “Mangay Ra Awl” in the Mon language.  “I want to thank the Fort Wayne Mon Community for its service, leadership and maturity in becoming one of the world powers in the struggle for peace and freedom in Burma.” said Mr. Gilbert in his introduction speech.

 

While Modern Mon Music (M3) led by Nai Ku Marn and Nai Kao Chan later entertained the guests with Mon modern songs, children, men and women came to the front and danced together.

 

The Mons from Ohio, Illinois and Chicago also traveled to Fort Wane to participate in this auspicious occasion. “I joined the event every year since it’s not only important to us but it’s enjoyable and brings us more solidarity”, said Ms. Lawe Nyan who came from Chicago.

 

In Calgary, Canada, the Mon community organized the similar event in the evening on February 15 where two hundred supporters and friends attended.

 

The long and exciting program started from 6 p.m. until midnight with cultural performance, food, speeches and Karaoke music.  Alberta MLA Hon. Wane Cao, Amnesty International (University of Calgary), Medical Mercy of Canada, Result Canada, Tibet, Chin and Khmer community leaders delivered speeches at the gathering.

 

As they do every year, Mon from Vancouver and Edmonton traveled to Calgary to join in the auspicious occasion with members of Mon Women Organization and Mon Cultural Society in Calgary.

 

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SCHOLAR: IDP NOT HUMANITARIAN CRISIS

(S.H.A.N: March 5, 2004)

 

Commenting on the ongoing problem of people being displaced in Burma, top Shan scholar and activist Chao Tzang Yawnghwe had recently categorically denied it was a humanitarian crisis as portrayed by several international aid agencies eager to go into Burma

 

"(It is) a deliberate war waged against the people by a brutal and desperate regime," declared the 65-year old advisor to the Ethnic Nationalities Council, formed last month, by non-Burman dissidents. "It is a danger to its people, an anti-humanitarian, barbaric regime. It is more than atrocities, more than counter-insurgency operations -- the notorious Four-cuts (cutting food, funds, intelligence and recruits to the resistance armies)." 

 

According to Thai-based Burma Border Consortium, established in 1984 to provide basic food and relief supplies to refugees from Burma along the Thai-Burma border, an estimated 1 million people have been displaced in the border states since 1996. A report in February by the Norwegian Refugee Council for the UN also placed Burma among the top ten in 52-known IDP countries. 

 

Others question whether Rangoon authorities can ever become democratic. "Many diplomats and journalists have even gone so far as to call recent developments in the country: "progress", disputed Roland Watson of Dictator Watch on 18 February.  "Perhaps if each such diplomat and journalist had IDP relatives who had seen their homes burned down and lives destroyed, or a family member being tortured in one of Burma's prisons, they would realize just how ludicrous their position is." 

 

Nai Kasauh of Mon Relief and Development Committee, in a recent meeting with S.H.A.N., named confiscation of cultivated lands, development projects, forced labor, exorbitant taxes, forced military trainings and the gas line project as among the main causes for displacement. "As a result of these excesses, Mon fighters who chose to retire after the ceasefire pact was concluded in 1994 between Rangoon and the New Mon State Party, rose up to take up arms again against the Burma Army," he said. 

 

"No state is allowed to wage wholesale war against its citizens," said Chao Tzang. "The IDP (Internally Displaced Persons) problem, the dispossession and killing of thousands of helpless farmers, formerly productive and peaceful cultivators, must be taken out from the humanitarian crisis category, which it certainly is not, and call a spade a spade: a war waged against the people". 

 

He however did not spell out how the problem should be re-focused. Dictator Watch, on the other hand, is more specific. "At least peace-keepers have been sent to the conflict in the Eastern Congo. Why not Burma?" he suggested. 

 

Chao Tzang Yawnghwe is a son of the late Sao Shwe Thaike, Prince of Yawnghwe and the first president of independent Burma, and the late Sao Hearn Hkam, who became Chairwoman of the Shan State War Council. His younger brother, Harn Yawnghwe, 56, is also most active in the movement.

 

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CAUTIOUS OPTIMISM OVER LATEST UN BROKERING

(AFP: March 5, 2004)

 

YANGON, - UN envoy Razali Ismail's disclosure that Aung San Suu Kyi was willing to work with Myanmar's prime minister was greeted Friday with cautious optimism as diplomats and experts said release of the democracy icon must come first.

After shuttling between talks with Prime Minister General Khin Nyunt, the opposition leader, and other senior officials on his twelfth mission to the military-run state, Razali revealed that Khin Nyunt also "wants to go ahead" with a working relationship with the political opposition.


The veteran Malaysian diplomat said Aung San Suu Kyi told him she wants to "turn the page" and begin a dialogue with the junta including Khin Nyunt, who announced a democracy "roadmap" for Myanmar last August.


"Aung San Suu Kyi is in a very good state of mind, very positive, and she believes she can work with the prime minister," Razali told AFP upon returning to Kuala Lumpur Thursday.


Diplomats in Yangon however cautioned that it was vital first to see concrete action taken by the junta, namely the release from house arrest of the 58-year-old democracy campaigner and the top lieutenants in her National League for Democracy (NLD).

"It will be a new step forward when they actually do step forward and meet with her," a Western diplomat in Yangon told AFP. "Until then, it's just a lot of talk, and we have heard the talk for years."


"She should be released as soon as possible," another Western diplomat said.


"For a long time she has said that she has been ready to dialogue with the prime minister. It's good that she's restating this now, but the important thing is for a dialogue to actually start," he added.


But it was imperative that the three other main NLD leaders -- party chairman Aung Shwe, vice chairman Tin Oo and secretary U Lwin -- be freed so they and Suu Kyi may consult on a way forward.


"At some point it will be necessary that those four be allowed to speak together as they make decisions collectively," the diplomat said.


"I don't see how they could achieve negotiations (with the junta) without being freed."

One senior ethnic political leader said it was difficult to interpret Razali's words about Khin Nyunt and they should be treated carefully.


"If the news is true, it would be cautious optimism," said Khun Tun Oo, of the Shan Nationalities League for Democracy.


Genuine political progress, while apparently supported by Khin Nyunt, would still require a green light from the top military ruler, Senior General Than Shwe, diplomats have said.

 

The road map announced by Yangon has been met with scepticism from Western governments, which tightened sanctions against Myanmar after the crackdown on the NLD, which won a landslide 1990 election victory but was never allowed to rule.

 

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KAO WAO NEWS GROUP

 

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ABOUT US

Kao-Woo Newsgroup is committed to social justice, peace, and democracy in Burma. We hope to be able to provide more of an in-depth analysis that will help to promote lasting peace and change within Burma. Editors, reporters, writers, and overseas volunteers are dedicated members of the Mon activist community based in Thailand.  Our motto is working together for lasting peace and change.