Commoration of Michael Aris

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Place change Wwin_Burmese

a'gufwm rkdufu,ftJ&pftwGuf qkawmif;yGJ -opa-w;vsEkdifiHwGif usif;y


2& &uf/ rwfv/ 1999 ckESpf eHeuf 7 em&DwGif  uG,fvGefoGm;cJhaom
a'gufwmrkdufu,ftJ&pf tm; &nfpl;+yD; =opa=w;vsEkdifiH rJbkef;vfòrd?±Sd
trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJ?csKyf vGwfajrmufe,fajr =opa=w; vs tzGJ?0ifrsm;
jrefrmausmif;om;rsm;/ jrefrm 'Drkdua&pDtif;tm;pkrsm; pkaygif;+yD;
pkaygif;+yD; 2 &uf/ {+yDv/ 1999 ckESpf eHeuf ckESpfem&DcGJwGif
Springvale Ak'<bmom bkef;awmf}uD;ausmif;Y qkawmif; arwWmydk?
tr#a0cJh=uygonf?
xkdae? naeydkif;wGif qufvuf+yD; trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJ?csKyf
vGwfajrmufe,fajr =opa=w; vs tzGJ?0ifrsm;/ jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m
ausmif;om;rsm; 'Drdku&ufwpfwyfOD; =opa=w;vs tzGJ?0ifrsm;/ u&if
vlr_a&;toif; =opa=w;vsrS tzGJ?0ifrsm;/ jrefrmausmif;om;rsm;/
jrefrmEkdifiHa&; pdwf0ifpm;olrsm; ESifh a'gufwmrdkufu,ftJ&pfrdwfaqGrsm;/
jrefrmjynf 'Drkdua&pD jyefvnfwnfaqmufa&;tzGJ? tm;vkH;pk aygif;+yD;
Ak'bmom"avhxkH;wrf;tpOfvm t& tr#a0qkawmif;arwWmay;ydk?jcif;/ c&pf,efbmom
xkH; wrf;tpOfvmt& qkawmif;arwWmay;ydk?jcif; rsm; ðyvkyfcJh=uygonf?
,if;qkawmif;yGJodk? EkdifiHjrefrmEkdifiHqkdif&m =opa=w;vsEkdifiH
oHtrwfa[mif; Garry Woodard wufa&mufcJh+yD; trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJ?csKyf
vGwfajrmufe,fajr =opa=w;vstzGJ?0ifrsm;/ =opa=w;vs tzGJ?0ifrsm;/
u&ifvlr_a&;toif; (=opa=w;vs)rS 0rf;enf;a=umif; o0%fv$m
ay;ydk?cJh=ua=umif;ESifh pkpkaygif;wufa&mufol 300 cef?&Sda=umif;
owif;&&Sdygonf?


Please change Wwin_Burmese

0rf;enf;a-umif; o0%fv$m

,ae?onf u|efawmfwdk?tm;vHk; r,Hk=unfEdkifavmufatmif
a'gufwmrdkufu,ftJ&pftm; aemufqHk; E_wfqufvdkuf&onfh ae? jzpfayonf?

a'gufwmrdkufu,ftJ&pfonf 27 &uf/ rwfv/ 1946 ckESpfwGif ar$;zGm;cJh+yD;
vef'ef wuUodkvfrS Doctor of Philosophy and Tibetan Himalayan (Study of
Tibetan History) bGJ?udk &&SdcJhygonf? ?if;onf 1&uf/ ZEM0g&Dv/ 1972
ckESpfwGif a':atmifqef;pk=unfESifh vufxyfcJh+yD; ?if;uG,f vGefcsdefwGif
om; (2) a,muf usef&SdcJhygonf?

a'gufwmrdkufu,ftJ&pfonf jrefrmjynf 'Drdkua&pD&&Sda&;/
vl?tcGifhta&;&&Sda&;ESifh ppftkyfcsKyfr_ csKyf+idrf;a&;rsm;twGuf a&S?
wef;rS OD;aqmifOD;±Guf ðyaeaom ZeD;ESifh jrefrmjynfolvlxktm;
pmemem;vnfpGm ?if;rdom;pkESifh awG?vdkaom qENudk xdef; csKyf+yD;
ulnDyHhydk;cJholjzpfayonf?

ppftkyfpk. &ufpufr_/ udk,fcsif;rpmemr_/ ±d_if;jyr_rsm;udk
cg;pnf;cHae&onfh jrefrmjynfolvlxk. cHpm;csufrsm;tm; a'gufwm
rdkufu,ftJ&pf. aemufqHk;uG,fvGefonfh tcsdeftxd rdom;pkESifh
awG?qHkEdkifr_ r&&SdcJhr_u twdtvif; xkwfaz:jyocJhjcif; jzpfayonf?


?if;onf 'Drdkua&pDESifh vl?tcGifhta&;twGuf OD;aqmifwdkufyGJ0ifaeonfh
olr[kwfcJhayrJh jrefrmjynf 'Drdkua&pDESifh vl?tcGifh ta&;ESifhtwl
euf±_dif;pGm yl;wJGyg0ifaecJhol wOD;jzpf+yD;/ 'Drdkua&pDESifh
vl?tcGifhta&;twGuf wdkufyGJ0ifaeaom olrsm;. pGef?v$wftepf emcHr_rsm;xuf
rav#mhbJ pGef?v$wftepfemcHcJh ol wOD;jzpfayonf?

u|efawmfwdk?taeeJ? a'gufwmrdkufu,ftJ&pf rJbkef;vfudk vmpOf
u|efawmfwdk?tay: a':atmifqef;pk=unfrS rSm;=um;cJhonf rsm;&Sd&if
ajym=um;bdk?eJ? u|efawmfwdk?tay: t}uH^m%f vrf;!¸efr_rsm; ?if;taeeJ?
ay;bdk? arwWm&yfcHcJhpOf ?if;rSæ

?jrefrmjynf 'Drdkua&pDa&;ESifh vl?tcGifhta&;v_yf&Sm;r_.
acgif;aqmifwOD;r[kwfygojzifh acgif;aqmifwOD;tjzpf r,lqapvdka=umif;/
?if;rSm a':aqmifqef;pk=unf. rdom;pktzGJ?0if wOD;omjzpfa=umif;
±dk;om;yGifhvif;pGm ajymqdkoGm;cJhygonf??

txufyg ?if;. ajym=um;csufudk =unfh±Hkr#ESifh ?if;.
±dk;om;yGifhvif;r_rsm;tm; xif&Sm;pGm odjrifEdkifayonf?

?a':atmifqef;pk=unf. aqmif±Gufcsufrsm;tay: pnf;vHk;nD!GwfpGm
tjynfht0axmufcH+yD; vdkufem aqmuf±Guf=uzdk?om? ol?taeeJ? t}uHay;
ajym=um;vdka=umif;?

u|efawmfwdk?tm; "ynma&;udk ta&;ay;aqmif±Guf=ubdk?/ pdwf"gwfrusbdk?eJ?
ra0;awmhwJh tem*gwfrSm u|ef awmfwdk? rdom;pkrsm;eJ? u|efawmfwdk?tm;vHk;
jyefvnfqHkawG?Edkifr,fvdk? ol,Hk=unfa=umif;" ajym=um;oGm;cJhyg w,f?

u|efawmfwdk?twGuf u|efawmfwdk? rdom;pkeJ? jyefvnfawG?qHkEdkifbdk?
ar#mfvifhEdkifao;ayrJh ,cktcsdefrSm a'guf wmrdkufu,ftJ&pftwGuf
ol?rdom;pkeJ? b,fawmhrS jyefvnfqHkpnf;bdk? rjzpfEdkifawmhrSef;
odvdkuf&wJhtcsdefrSm usef&pfol u|efawmfwdk? acgif;aqmif
a':atmifqef;pk=unf rdom;pkESifhxyfwl u|efawmfwdk?rsm;pGm 0rf;enf;,l
óuH;r& jzpf&yga=umif; u|efawmfwdk? trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ?csKyf ­
vGwfajrmufe,fajr (=opa=w;vs)rS xkwf az: jyotyfygonf?

A[dkaumfrwD
trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ?csKyf ­ vGwfajrmufe,fajr (=opa=w;vs)
ae?pGJ ?   ? 1999 ckESpf/ {+yDv/ 2 &uf/


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