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NLD Econimic report submitted to 19
- Subject: NLD Econimic report submitted to 19
- From: nldburma@xxxxxxxxxxx
- Date: Sat, 17 Apr 1999 05:29:00
Subject: NLD Econimic report submitted to 1997 May conference
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h60 301 h80
92-93 25 h74 104 h77 113 h43 106
h57 416 h65 369 h09
93-94 41 h31 131 h25 155 h60 176
h32 585 h28 492 h99
94-95 30 h56 166 h56 185 h29 235
h17 691 h90 603 h66
95-96 53 h31 203 h65 199 h49 261
h55 856 h67 735 h51
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1986ck/ 1989ck/ 1994ck/ 1996ck
1986 1989 1994
1996
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5 h17
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100 5900 h96 100 10727 h15 100
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(u) qef 97 h61 9 h79 255 h21 12 h59 1059
h53 19 h65 1656 h86 154 h5
(c) tpm; 106 h44 10 h68 107 h56
5 h31 405 h1 6 h87 656 h43 6 h12
4// tjcm;p&dwfaygif; 349 h55 35 h07 650 h42
32 h1 1941 h77 32 h91 3787 h72 35 h37
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90 h19 1 h53 419 h5 3 h93
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Z,m; (3)
ekdifiHawmftpkd;&bwf*suf &-okH;aiGZ,m;tusOf; (usyfoef;)
tpkd;&u¾ 1987-88 1992-93
1993-94 1994-95 1995-96
ekdifiHawmftkyfcskKyfa&;,EW,m; - 198 h5 - 7022 h9
- 7743 h6 - 15730 h4 - 26150 h4
ekdifiHykdifpD;yGm;a7;tzGJhrsm; - 3817 h6 - 5076
h0 - 7779 h3 - 13930 h4 - 23484 h0
zGHhjzsd;a&;aumfrwDrsm; - 5 h4 + 4 h0 + 5
h5 + 8 h8 - 0 h7
ESpfpOfvkdaiG 4021 h6 12094 h9
15517 h4 25908 h5 49635 h1
n$ef; - A[kdpm&if;tif;tzGJh
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u vkdaiGusyf 198 h5oef;jy&mY 1992-93ckESpfrSpI 95-96ckESpftxd
vkdaiGESpfpOfjyaea}umif; awGh&Sd&ygonf//
ekdifiHykdifpD;yGm;a&;tzGJhrsm;onfvnf;
ESpfpOfESpfwkdif; 1987-88ESpfrStpjyKI ESpfpOf 1995-96ckESpftxd
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aiGa}u;
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atmufwGifaz:jyygonf//
Z,m; (4)
aiGa}u;yrm%ESifh pm;okH;p&dwfpHESKef;ajymif;ykH
ESpf aiGa}u;yrm% ESpfpOfwkd; % taxGaxGpm;okH;p&dwfeKH;
ESpfpOfwkd;aom %
(usyfoef;) (1986 = 100)
91-92 52307 34 h40 301 h8 29
h12
92-93 70428 366 h4 369 h99
22 h3
93-94 84381 19 h8 492 h99
33 h57
94-95 119061 41 h1 603 h66
22 h45
95-96 145329 22 775 h51
21 h84
n$ef; - A[kdpm&if;tif;tzGJh
txufygZ,m;wGif 1991-92ckESpfu aiGa}u;yrm%onf usyfoef; 52307
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pHESKef;onfvnf; 1991-92ckESpfwGif 301 h80&Sd&mrS 1995-96ckESpfwGif
775 h51
okdhododomomwkd;wufIvmyga}umif;//
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Z,m; (5)
ekdifiHjcm;ta&mif;-t0,fpm&if; (usyfoef;)
87-88 92-93 93-94
94-95 95-96
ekdifiHjcm;ykdhukefwefbkd; 1655 h2 3504
h7 4227 h8 5405 h2 4940
ekdifiHjcm;oGif;ukefwefbkd; 4065 h7 5092
h2 7923 h3 8332 h3 9375
h4
a&mif;0,fa&;[efcsufvkdaiG 2410 h5 1587 h5
3695 h5 2927 h1 3435 h4
1987-88rS 1995-96txd ESpfwkdif;a&mif;0,fa7;[efcsufvkdaiG
jyaea}umif;awGh&ygonf// ,ckwifjyaeaom ukefaps;eKef;vGefuJpGmazgif;
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a}umif; vlwkdif;}udwfrSdwfxdef;odr;fcHpm;ae&aomtcsufukd
ekdifiHawmftpdk;&/
A[kdpm&if;tif;tzGJhrSxkwfjyefaompm&if;;rsm;jzifh
oufaoxlaejcif;jzpfygonf//
oufaoxlae&jcif;ta}umif;rSmvnf; jynfolrsm;u
1990jynfhESpfygwDpkH'Drkdua&pD
a&G;aumufyGJ}uD;ukdjyKvkyfpOfu jynfolhukd,fpm;vS,frsm;tjzpf
jynfolrsm;ua&G;cs,f
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trsdKom;'Drkd
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pD;yGm;a&;tEW&m,fukdajz&Sif;jcif;
tkyfcsKyfa&;p&dwf
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cGifhay;jcif;/
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pDppfpGmokH;pGJ&rnfjzpfyga}umif;//
ekdifiHykdifpD;yGm;a7;tzGJhrsm;
txufwGifaz:jycJhonfhtwkdif;
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wGif obm0ay;ekdifiHawmfpD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm; (Natural Monopolies)
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aiGa}u;yrm%tenf;i,frsm;jcif;
onfvnf; qGJaqmifolt&SdefukdwGef;ay;ekdifonf// okdhaomforkdif;t&qkdv#if
aiGa}u;
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t&Sdeft[kefwufvmaomaiG
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,aehjrefrmhaiGa}u;azgif;
yGcsdefwGif aiG&Sifrsm;onf/ 0,f-a&mif;/ ekdifiHjcm;at;*sifhvkyfjcif;/
tdrf,m
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aiGa}u;azgif;yGjcif;ukdxdef;&mY
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txl;ojzifh
aiG&if;enf;olrsm;/ acsG;oD;acsGl;aygufusae}uygonf//
Z,m; (6)
ppfrSefaomtwkd;ESKef;ESifhpkaqmif;aiG (usyfoef;)
ESpf taxGaxGpm;okH;ukef qESKef;.
tpkd;&ay; ppfrSefaom jynfolwkdh
aps;ESKef; (1986 = 100) ESpfpOfwkd;
pkaqmif;aiG twkd;ESKef; pkaiG
% twkd;ESKef;
(u) (c)
(c)ESifh(u)
jcm;em;csuf
91-92 301 h8 29 h12
92-93 369 h09 22 h30 10
- 12 h3 19114
93-94 492 h99 33 h57 10
- 23 h5 25566
94-95 603 h66 22 h45 10
- 12 h4 37016
95-96 735 h51 21 h84 10
- 11 h7 56401
upm;aomaps;uGuf
a&$aps;onfvnf; wusyfom;v#if 1991-92twGif; wpfum&ufukd
15799 h00usyf&SdjyD;v#if 1995-96ckESpfwGif ysrf;r#a}u;usyf 25819
h0&Sdyg
onf// 1995ckESpfrwfvtwGif; wpfusyfom;v#ifusyf 23621rSpwifI 1995ckESpf
'DZifbmvwGifusyf 26050txd wESpfvkH;w&dyf&dyfwufcJhjyD;v#if 1996ckESpf
Zefe0g&Dv
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30122okdha&muf&SdjyD;
1996ckESpf'DZifbmvwGif wusyfom;v#if
34802jzpfa}umif;udef;*%mef;rsm;&&Sdygonf//
a&$aps;onfvnf; tuefhtowfr&Sdwufaea}umif;awGh&onf// ajraps;rsm;onfvnf;
aqmufvkyda&;aps;uGufrsufESm}uD;aejcif;EShifhaiGa}u;azgif;yGjcif;rsm;
a}umifhwufa}umif; (tqrwefwufa}umif;) trsm;odygonf//
wefbkd;&Sda&$hajymif;
vG,faomypPnf;wckjzpfaom armfawmf,mOfrsm;onfvnf; aps;upm;zG,f&m
ukefypPnf;wckjzpfaejyD;/ aiGa}u;ESifh&if;ESD;jrKyfESHr_tajctaeonf
uarmufur
jzpfaeonf// a&$aps;vnf;twnfjidrf/
ekdifiHjcm;aiGtjrJwef;odompGmv_yf&Sm;wuf
&dyfjyaeygonf// ypPnf;&Sdolrsm;ESihfypPnf;rJholrsm;/ jrefrmrsm;twGif;
acsG;oD;acsG;ayguf
rsm;usaeygonf//
&-okH;aiGXme.pGrf;aqmifjcif;ukdwm;qD;jcif;
ekdifiHawmf.pD;yGm;a7;rl0g'rsm;/
b¾ma&;0g'ESifhaiGa}u;0g'rsm;ukd
ekdifiHawmftpkd;&rSom tjyD;tykdifqkH;jzwfonf//
okdhaomfygvDref'Drkdua&pDpD;yGm;a&;
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jynfolrsm;
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tcsif;csif;onfvnf; wOD;ESifhwOD;nSdESKdif;}u&mwGif
tm;remwrf;nSdESKdi;f;vrf;jy
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ynm&Sifaygif;pkH
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aiG
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wuUokdvfESifhtjcm;ynm&Sifrsm;/ ukefonf}uD;-i,frsm;.toif;tzGJhrsm;/
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vGwfvyfpGmawG;ac:ykdif
cGifh/ a&;om;a0zeffajymqkdykdifcGifhrsm;ay;&onf//
jynfyekdifiHrsm;ESifhpD;yGm;a&;qufoG,fr_
usGEkfyfwkdh.vufpGJqkd&kd;w&yfukd ekdifiHwumpD;yGm;a&;qufqHa&;wGif
,aehy,f
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JJ J jzifhtpm;xkd;&ygrnf//
(Autarchic attitude) tjrifukd (Internationalism) jzifhtpm;xkd;&ygrnf//
qkdvkdonfrSm tusdK;rJhyvl;jcif;r[kwfaom olhtusdK;/
ukd,fhtudsK;ESpfrsdK;vkH;jzpfxGef;ap
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0efxrf;wOD;
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aqG;aEG;cJhaomta}umif;t&mrsm;ukd
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ykdif;t[kwfvkyfcJhI wu,fjzpfcJhygonf//
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tpkd;&ESkef;xm;ukd
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jrefrmaiGjzifh
ekdifiHjcm;aiG0,f,l&mYxda&mufjcif;ukdcsifhcsdefvkdygu
tpkd;&aps;ESKef;jzifh
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ekdifiHjcm;aiG
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vJoGm;jcif;ukdawGh&ygonf//
jynfwGif;aps;uGufokdh0ifa&mufaeaomZdrfcHypPnf;
trSefwu,fvkdtyfaomaq;ypPnf;tp&Sdonfwkdhukdvnf;
jyifyaps;ESkef;jzifh0,f,lI
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aps;ESKef;ESpfrsdK;&Sdjcif;.
qkd;usdK;wckrSm w&m;0ifta&mif;t0,faps;uGufeSifhjyifyaps;uGuf[kaps;uGuf
ESpfrdsK;oD;jcm;/ jcm;em;ay:jcif;yifjzpfonf// tpkd;&aps;ESkef;eSifh
t&yf
aps;ESKef;wkdhonfvnf; vGefuJpGmuGm[jyD;v#if oD;jcm;v_yf&Sm;ae}uygonf//
Tonf
rSpIuGif;qufqkd;usdK;trsdk;rdsK;jzpfay:aeygonf//
xkdha}umifhtpkd;&aps;ESKef;ESifh
trsm;vufcH&aomjyifyaps;jydKifaps;ESKef;ESpfrdsK;ukd
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usGEKfyfwkdh
taejzifh
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&efvkH;0rjyKoifha}umif;OD;pGmajym&ygonf// yxrOD;qkH;pOf;pm;&rnfrSm
jrefrmjynfrSwifykdhaeaom aumufyJoD;ESHrsm;.xGufESKef;onf
aps;ESKef;qGJaqmif
r_.aemufokdhvkdufekdifpGrf;tm;enf;jcif;jzpfonf//
vuf&Sdjrefrmhykdhukefrsm;onf
v,f,mxGufukefrsm;jzpfI wkefhjyeftm;enf;onf// tcsdef,lonf//
oGif;ukefrsm;teuf
wGifvnf; vkdtyfaompufypPnf;rsm;/ tajccHr7Sdrjzpfaomaq;0g;rsm;tp&Sd
onfwkdhukd pOf;pm;&rnf// xkdha}umifh}um;jzwfumvwGif
tpdk;&E_ef;ukdjyifaomfvnf;/
wqifhjyD;wqifhnSdoGm;&rnfjzpfonf// enf;trdsK;rsdK;&dSygonf//
tcuftcJqkdonfrSm
&ifqkdifajz&Sif;&rnfjzpfonf// urBmuvnf;yefhykd;ygvdrfhrnf//
tpkd;&tzGJhwckwnf;.
tusdK;ukdomtm&kHpkdufv#if ajz&Sif;&trsm;}uD;cufygrnf//
jynfyykdhukef
jynfyykdhukef/ oGif;ukefESifhvkdaiGrsm;udk Z,m;
(5)Yaz:jycJhjyD;jzpfygonf//
xkdZ,m;ukd}unfhv#if 1988ckESpfrSpI ESpfpOfESpfwkdif; 1995-96cktxd
oGif;ukefwef
bkd;onf a&mif;ukefwefbkd;xufrsm;aea}umif;awGh&onf// urBmhaps;uGufwGif
0ifIra&mekdif/ raESmekdifv#if (Terms of trade) ukefzvS,fESKef;tjrJwrf;
epfemv#uf&Sda}umif;/ tpkd;&xkwfudef;*%mef;rsm;uaz:jyaeygonf// e,fjcm;/
e,f
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ukefonfwkdif;
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ywf0ef;
usifay:vpD/ pkdufysdK;a7;ay:vpD/ o,f,lykdhaqmifa&;ay:vpD/ pufr_ay:vpD/
ynma&;
ay:vpDtp&SdonfwkhdwGif
ekdifiHjcm;ykdhukeftxda&mufqkH;ykdhekdifaompDrHcsufonf/
trsdK;om;ay:vpD (Policy package) wGifyg&Sd&ygrnf//
ekdifiHjcm;ykdhukefay:vpD
onf ay:vpD (package) wGifyg0if&kHr#ru (prime mover and the key of
the package for economic development) yif&if;yifrjzpf&ygrnf// jynf
wGif;aps;uGufonfusOf;ajrmif;onf/ aES;auG;onf/ qif;&Jonf/
oGufvufxufjruf
pGmcsrf;om&efrSm ekdifiHwumaps;uGufwGifxda&mufpGm0if&efvkdygonf//
vufa0cH
b0rStjrefqkH;uif;vGwfvkdv#if a&mif;}u/ 0,f}u&ygrnf//
pufr_usGrf;usifolvkyfief;
qkdif&moD;jcm;pGrf;&nf/ tjcm;ekdifiHjcm;rSukef}urf;rsm;/
r&Sdrjzpfukefrsm;ESifh ekdifiHjcm;aiG
rsm;ukdxda&mufpGm&SmazGrS/ ekdifiHjcm;jynfyaps;uGufwGifxda&mufpGm
yg0ifekdifrSomv#if atmufusaemufusekdifiHb0rSvGwfajrmufrnf// wzufowf
rsufESmvkyfI/ yvl;yvJb0rStjrefqkH;xGufekdifrnf//
ekdifiHwumtzGJhrsm;
urBmESifhqufoG,f&mY ekdifiHwumaiGa}u;tzGJh/ urBmhb%f/
tvkyform;tzGJh
csKyf/ tjynfjynfqkdfif&mtzGJhtpnf;rsm;/
tpkd;&r[kwfaomtzGJhtpnf;rsm;ESifh
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usrf;rma&;tp
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nSdESKdif;qufqHjcif;/ ay;jcif;/ ,ljcif;jyKvkyd&rnf//
p&dwfavsmhenf;jcif;ESifh
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h
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pD;yGm;a&;wnfjidrfr_ESifh aiGa}u;azgif;yGr_xdef;&eftwGuf
wifjyjcif;jzpfygonf//
ppfwrf;ed*kH;
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rdrdwkdh.vGwfvyfaomwOD;csif;
qENtavsmufzJGhjyD;v#if/ wOD;csif;/ vGwfvyfpGmyif&yfwnfv#uf&Sdygonf//
rdrd
qENESifhrdrd&yfwnfaeolrsm;jzpfaomfvnf;/ 1990jynfhESpfarv(2&)&ufaehwGif
tzGJhcsKyf.vufawGhvkyf&yfrsm;/ wm0ef,ljcif;rsm;ESifh
pmxuftuQ&mwifcJhaom
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jynfolhh
ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;tjzpf a&G;cs,fwm0efay;cJhygonf// xkdwm0efukd
,aehxufwkdif
usGEkfyfwkdhxrf;aqmifaeqJjzpfonf//
jrdKhe,fwkdif;wGif&SdaomrJqEN&Sifrsm;u ,aehxufwkdif
a&G;cs,fcJhaomjynfolhukd,fpm;vS,frsm;udk
wm0efrS&yfqkdif;jcif;rjyKao;yga}umif;//
trsK;dom;'Drkdua&pDtzGJhcsKyfonf
jynfolhukd,fpm;jyKtzGJhjzpfonhftm;avsmfpGm
pD;yGm;a&;tygt0if&_a'gifhaygi;fpkHrSjynfolwkdh.cHpm;csuf/
epfemcsufrsm;ukd tpkd;&/
jynfoljynfom;ESifhurBmuygod&SdjyKjyifekdif7ef/ ,ckwifjyonfhpD;yGm;a&;
wifjycsufukd tusOf;csKyfygonf//
tpkd;&udef;*%ef;rsm;ukdaz:jyxm;onfhtwkdif;
pHepfwus tao;pdwfppfxkwfjcif;rjyKbJokH;oyfaomf
atmufygrsm;ukdawGh&Sd&ygonf//
1// trsddK;om;0ifaiG*%ef;wkd;aeonf//
2// yk*~vduvkyfief;&Sifrsm;v_yf&Sm;vsuf&Sdonf//
3// &efukefjrdKheSifhjrdKh}uD;rsm;wGif yk8~vduvkyfief;rsm;Y
tvkyfvkyfolrsm;
ay:xGufvmygonf//
4// ekdifiHjcm;oGif;ukeftrsdK;rddsK;awGhjrifae&ygonf//
okdhaomf0,f,lokH;pGJ&ef
ukefa}uG;wifcJhaom wHcg;ydwf0g'/ txD;usef0g'/
ukefonfrsm;onf
trsdK;om;&efol/
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acwf}uyf/
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tpkd;&qkdonfrSm
tpkd;&rsm;vkyfoifhvkyfxkdufonfukdvkyfukdif}u&mYvkyf
&yfrsm;.qkd;usdK;/
aumif;usdK;tm;vkH;ukdowdxm;&_jrifjyD;v#if
t}uD;qkH;aomtEW&m,frsm;ukdwm;qD;&ef wm0ef,l&ygonf//
jynfol
ESifhjynfolhukd,fpm;vS,frsm;vnf; cHpm;csufrsm;ukd
yGifhvif;pGmaz:jy
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jrefrmekdfifiH.pD;yGm;a7;onfyGifhvmonf// okdhaomf}uyfaeonf//
tpkd;&.
t"dupm&if;tif;wm0efcHtzGJhjzpfaom A[kdpm&if;tif;tzGJh.udef;*%ef;
tcsdKhukdwifjyI txufwGif&Sif;wrf;xkwfcJhonf// az:jycJhonfrSm -
(1) ukefaps;ESKef;rsm; tqrwefwufaeygonf//
(2) tdrfaxmifpkpm;okH;pm&if; q,fqcefhwufaeygonf//
(3) tpmtm[m&csddKhwJhaomtajctaeokdhOD;wnfaea}umif; Z,m; (2)
acgif;pOf(3)ukd}unfhv#if 1986ckESpfwGif okH;aiG
(100)usyfv#if
tom; (11)usyfbkd;pm;ekdifjyD;/ 1996ckESpfwGif
(6)usyfbkd;om
pm;ekdifa}umif;awGh&onf//
(4) csrf;omolrsmonfvnf; ajr0,fjcif;/ a&$0,fjcif;/ ausmufrsuf
&wem0,fjcif;/ um;0,fjcif;/ ekdifiHjcm;aiG0,fjcif;/
tp&Sdaom
aiGa}u;upm;jcif;/
wkdhYomarGhavsmfvkH;yrf;acsG;jyefae}uonf//
&ifwrrESihfv_yf&Sm;ae}uygonf//
wkdif;jynfwkd;wuf&mwkd;wufa}umif;
ESifh csrf;omolrsm; &moufyef at;aq;pGm wnfjidrfaom
ykHrSef0ifaiGrsm;
7rnfh ukefxkwfvkyfjcif;vkyfief;rsm;/ tjcm;aumif;a7mif;
aumif;0,fvkyfief;rsm;wGif t&if;pkduf&ef0efav;I
a&Smifae
}ujcif; tp&Sdaom vuQ%m&yfrsm;awGh&ygonf//
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