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Tensions up on disputed border



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Tensions up on disputed border
Khun Sa's retreat brings new problem


Sermsuk Kasitipradit, Wassana Nanuam and Subin Khuenkaew

    =20
      Thai and Burmese military commanders shake hands after exchanging =
New Year gifts at Doi Lang. -- Wassana Nanuam=20
The 1,500km-long rugged border terrain under the Third Army's control is =
regarded as a very sensitive area.

Once controlled by former drug warlord Khun Sa's Mong Tai Army, the land =
now is sandwiched between thousands of troops which Thailand and Burma =
have deployed to prevent it from being seized by either side.

The military standoff in the area began in early 1996, following Khun =
Sa's surrender to the Burmese government on Feb 12 that year.

The former drug warlord had once used the area as his headquarters =
before the United Wa State Army, with strong military support from the =
Burmese military junta, evicted Khun Sa's MTA from the territory.

Khun Sa then moved his men to his new headquarters in Homong, opposite =
Mae Hong Son.

"We were all surprised to see Burmese soldiers marching into our village =
in early 1996.

"They asked us about the location of Thai military outposts in the =
area," recalled a villager in Ban Pang Nai, located a few kilometres =
from the disputed border zone.

Burmese soldiers were instructed to set up camps in the disputed area =
early in 1996.

The Third Army also reinforced its men after the Burmese army turned =
down a proposal for troop withdrawal to create a de-militarised zone in =
order to save unnecessary expenditure until both sides could settle =
their claim on the territory.

"Demarcation of the border line here will be the most complicated, since =
both sides use different maps while there is no clear natural boundary," =
noted an observer.

It is estimated that around 1,500-2,000 Burmese soldiers are currently =
in the area while the Third Army has deployed around 500-800 cavalry =
soldiers and paramilitary rangers at 11 military outposts, facing the =
Burmese military camps along the borderline.

The disputed area, known generally as Doi Lang, covers an area of 16sqkm =
and has several hills including Doi Lang, Doi Laem, Doi Song Jik and Doi =
Mark Lang.

About 15km further north is Mong Yawn, the UWSA's southern military =
command.

The UWSA is widely regarded as the largest drug trafficking group in the =
Golden Triangle.

Third Army commander Lt-Gen Wattanachai Chaimuengwong is confident the =
tension will not become an open conflict.

"The demarcation of the border will be settled by the General Border =
Committee. I see no problem there," he said.

Lt-Col Chainarong Kaewkla, commander of the Third Cavalry Regiment's =
15th cavalry battalion which is in charge of security in the disputed =
area, said his mission is to safeguard the land and prevent it from =
being seized by the Burmese.

The cavalry battalion is part of Pha Mueng Task Force, led by Maj-Gen =
Somboonkiat Sitthidecha, commander of the First Cavalry Division.

His forces supervise the 900km-long border from Chiang Mai to =
Phitsanulok.

The cavalry officer is fully aware of the sensitivity of the situation =
since a number of Thai and Burmese military outposts are located =
opposite one another.

The battalion commander said both sides understand well that no one =
stood to gain should fighting start, and have therefore tried to avoid a =
confrontation.

"Misunderstandings in the area must be swiftly resolved since it might =
escalate.

"All unit commanders in the area have clear guidelines that any problem =
must be settled peacefully," said a junior cavalry officer posted at one =
of the army's 11 military outposts.

Burmese military officers in the area have also been instructed by =
Rangoon to avoid clashes with Thai soldiers.

It is quite common to see Thai and Burmese soldiers play takraw or =
volleyball in the evenings on a playground jointly constructed for their =
daily sports activities.

Several Burmese officers are also frequent dinner guests.

"This undoubtedly helps strengthen our mutual understanding," said a =
platoon commander.

Recently, Lt-Col Chainarong invited several Burmese battalion commanders =
to dinner at the Giew Hoong military outpost overlooking Doi Lang.

Several Thai senior officers from Pha Mueng Task Force including Col =
Anuwat Jaksaen, deputy commander of Third Cavalry Regiment and Lt-Col =
Narain Siriphubal, chief of the task force's civilian affairs division, =
attended the party.

However, only a few junior Burmese officers showed up.

"We just wanted to show them our good faith.

"Sincerity will eventually lead to a long-lasting friendship," said =
Lt-Col Chainarong, who was surprised by the Burmese response to the =
invitation.

Every morning a number of Burmese soldiers, accompanied by their Thai =
counterparts, are given permission to walk across the border to buy food =
from local villagers.

However, when the Burmese government unilaterally declared the closure =
of the entire border during Oct 31-Nov 25, some Burmese soldiers =
reportedly felt upset for not being allowed to buy food from the Thai =
side.

A rumour was spread then that some frustrated Burmese soldiers who were =
barred from buying food from Thailand would train their fire on Thai =
helicopters dropping supplies for Thai soldiers posted in mountainous =
areas.

"Fortunately, there was no such provocation," one cavalry officer said.

The officer added, however, that it was unlikely the border dispute will =
be settled any time soon.

"This may last another 10 years," he said.=20


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<DIV><FONT size=3D2><FONT size=3D7>Tensions up on disputed =
border</FONT><!--KICKER-->
<P><FONT size=3D5><I>Khun Sa's retreat brings new problem</I></FONT><BR>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000><!--BYLINE--></FONT><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D3><B>Sermsuk=20
Kasitipradit, Wassana Nanuam and Subin Khuenkaew</B></FONT><FONT=20
color=3D#000000></FONT></P>
<P>
<TABLE align=3Dright border=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 cellSpacing=3D0 =
width=3D201>
  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD><IMG align=3Dbottom border=3D0 height=3D114=20
      src=3D"http://www.bangkokpost.net/today/030100_border.jpg"; =
width=3D200></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD><FONT size=3D2><B>Thai and Burmese military commanders shake =
hands after=20
      exchanging New Year gifts at Doi Lang. -- Wassana=20
  Nanuam</B></FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D5><B>T</B></FONT><FONT color=3D#000000>he 1,500km-long rugged =
border terrain=20
under the Third Army's control is regarded as a very sensitive =
area.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>Once controlled by former drug warlord Khun =
Sa's Mong Tai=20
Army, the land now is sandwiched between thousands of troops which =
Thailand and=20
Burma have deployed to prevent it from being seized by either =
side.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>The military standoff in the area began in =
early 1996,=20
following Khun Sa's surrender to the Burmese government on Feb 12 that=20
year.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>The former drug warlord had once used the area =
as his=20
headquarters before the United Wa State Army, with strong military =
support from=20
the Burmese military junta, evicted Khun Sa's MTA from the =
territory.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>Khun Sa then moved his men to his new =
headquarters in=20
Homong, opposite Mae Hong Son.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>"We were all surprised to see Burmese soldiers =
marching=20
into our village in early 1996.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>"They asked us about the location of Thai =
military=20
outposts in the area," recalled a villager in Ban Pang Nai, located a =
few=20
kilometres from the disputed border zone.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>Burmese soldiers were instructed to set up =
camps in the=20
disputed area early in 1996.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>The Third Army also reinforced its men after =
the Burmese=20
army turned down a proposal for troop withdrawal to create a =
de-militarised zone=20
in order to save unnecessary expenditure until both sides could settle =
their=20
claim on the territory.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>"Demarcation of the border line here will be =
the most=20
complicated, since both sides use different maps while there is no clear =
natural=20
boundary," noted an observer.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>It is estimated that around 1,500-2,000 Burmese =
soldiers=20
are currently in the area while the Third Army has deployed around =
500-800=20
cavalry soldiers and paramilitary rangers at 11 military outposts, =
facing the=20
Burmese military camps along the borderline.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>The disputed area, known generally as Doi Lang, =
covers an=20
area of 16sqkm and has several hills including Doi Lang, Doi Laem, Doi =
Song Jik=20
and Doi Mark Lang.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>About 15km further north is Mong Yawn, the =
UWSA's=20
southern military command.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>The UWSA is widely regarded as the largest drug =

trafficking group in the Golden Triangle.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>Third Army commander Lt-Gen Wattanachai =
Chaimuengwong is=20
confident the tension will not become an open conflict.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>"The demarcation of the border will be settled =
by the=20
General Border Committee. I see no problem there," he said.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>Lt-Col Chainarong Kaewkla, commander of the =
Third Cavalry=20
Regiment's 15th cavalry battalion which is in charge of security in the =
disputed=20
area, said his mission is to safeguard the land and prevent it from =
being seized=20
by the Burmese.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>The cavalry battalion is part of Pha Mueng Task =
Force,=20
led by Maj-Gen Somboonkiat Sitthidecha, commander of the First Cavalry=20
Division.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>His forces supervise the 900km-long border from =
Chiang=20
Mai to Phitsanulok.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>The cavalry officer is fully aware of the =
sensitivity of=20
the situation since a number of Thai and Burmese military outposts are =
located=20
opposite one another.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>The battalion commander said both sides =
understand well=20
that no one stood to gain should fighting start, and have therefore =
tried to=20
avoid a confrontation.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>"Misunderstandings in the area must be swiftly =
resolved=20
since it might escalate.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>"All unit commanders in the area have clear =
guidelines=20
that any problem must be settled peacefully," said a junior cavalry =
officer=20
posted at one of the army's 11 military outposts.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>Burmese military officers in the area have also =
been=20
instructed by Rangoon to avoid clashes with Thai soldiers.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>It is quite common to see Thai and Burmese =
soldiers play=20
takraw or volleyball in the evenings on a playground jointly constructed =
for=20
their daily sports activities.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>Several Burmese officers are also frequent =
dinner=20
guests.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>"This undoubtedly helps strengthen our mutual=20
understanding," said a platoon commander.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>Recently, Lt-Col Chainarong invited several =
Burmese=20
battalion commanders to dinner at the Giew Hoong military outpost =
overlooking=20
Doi Lang.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>Several Thai senior officers from Pha Mueng =
Task Force=20
including Col Anuwat Jaksaen, deputy commander of Third Cavalry Regiment =
and=20
Lt-Col Narain Siriphubal, chief of the task force's civilian affairs =
division,=20
attended the party.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>However, only a few junior Burmese officers =
showed=20
up.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>"We just wanted to show them our good =
faith.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>"Sincerity will eventually lead to a =
long-lasting=20
friendship," said Lt-Col Chainarong, who was surprised by the Burmese =
response=20
to the invitation.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>Every morning a number of Burmese soldiers, =
accompanied=20
by their Thai counterparts, are given permission to walk across the =
border to=20
buy food from local villagers.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>However, when the Burmese government =
unilaterally=20
declared the closure of the entire border during Oct 31-Nov 25, some =
Burmese=20
soldiers reportedly felt upset for not being allowed to buy food from =
the Thai=20
side.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>A rumour was spread then that some frustrated =
Burmese=20
soldiers who were barred from buying food from Thailand would train =
their fire=20
on Thai helicopters dropping supplies for Thai soldiers posted in =
mountainous=20
areas.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>"Fortunately, there was no such provocation," =
one cavalry=20
officer said.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>The officer added, however, that it was =
unlikely the=20
border dispute will be settled any time soon.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=3D#000000>"This may last another 10 years," he =
said.</FONT>=20
</P></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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