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BurmaNet News: September 21, 2001
- Subject: BurmaNet News: September 21, 2001
- From: strider@xxxxxxxxxxxx
- Date: Thu, 20 Sep 2001 22:38:00
______________ THE BURMANET NEWS ______________
An on-line newspaper covering Burma
September 21, 2001 Issue # 1887
______________ www.burmanet.org _______________
INSIDE BURMA _______
*AFP: ILO team meets with Aung San Suu Kyi, top junta officials
*Xinhua: One More Political Prisoner Released in Myanmar
*AFP: Myanmar dictator Ne Win sends condolences over US terror attacks
*AP: Interfaith service held in Myanmar for U.S. terror attack victims
*Irrawaddy: Political Prisoners Deny Wrongdoing
MONEY _______
*Xinhua: Myanmar's Cotton Yarn Production Up in First Half of 2001
*Xinhua: Myanmar Earns More From Customs Duties in First Half of 2001
*Irrawaddy: Cars Become Hot Commodity in Rangoon
GUNS______
*Reuters: India cracks down on northeast after U.S. attacks
*AFP: The Taliban-- Pakistan's foreign policy failure
*Xinhua: Chinese Defense Minister Meets Myanmese Guests
*Xinhua: Senior PLA Officer Meets Myanmese Guests
DRUGS______
*Reuters: Opium cuts may hit Afghan capability UN official
REGIONAL/INTERNATIONAL _______
*Xinhua: NPC Vice-Chairman Meets Myanmar Guests
__________________ INSIDE BURMA ____________________
AFP: ILO team meets with Aung San Suu Kyi, top junta officials
YANGON, Sept 20 (AFP) - An International Labour Organisation (ILO) team
investigating the Myanmar junta's efforts to eradicate forced labour has
met with opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi and been given access to
every minister concerned, sources said Thursday.
The four-member ILO team, and seven experts accompanying it on the
three-week mission, had a working lunch with Aung San Suu Kyi Wednesday,
an official source said. No details of the meeting were released to the
media.
Afterwards the ILO representatives held a meeting with ethnic minority
parties including the Shan NLD (National League for Democracy), as part
of a thorough briefing on labour conditions in Myanmar.
Talks with the Attorney General and the Chief Justice were also on the
official itinerary which the Geneva-based United Nations body is keeping
tightly under wraps.
Francis Maupain, who is accompanying the mission as a representative of
ILO director-general Juan Somavia, said the itinerary since the trip
started Monday had been "very packed".
"We are seeing everyone, including all the ministers concerned," he
told AFP.
Maupain declined to confirm reports that the team would depart Yangon
Sunday to travel to Karen and Shan states where reports of forced labour
are rife.
"We do not yet know exactly where we are going," he said. "That depends
on the information that we collect during the course of our talks here."
Shan NLD representative Khun Tun Oo said the meeting with the ILO team
focused on whether forced labor had persisted since November last year
when the junta handed down an order banning the practice for the first
time.
They were also interested in the military regime's efforts to enforce
the ban, he told AFP.
"We generally conceded that except for the nation's periphery where
conflicts with anti-government armed groups still went on, conditions in
the rest of the country had improved," he said.
"We found the team to be very serious and open minded and our meeting
was quite satisfying."
Over the next few days the ILO mission is expected to see
non-governmental organisations and visit development projects around
Yangon.
The ILO last year made an unprecedented censure of Myanmar, and
threatened to heap more sanctions on the military-run nation if it
failed to curb forced labour.
Rights groups say nearly a million Myanmar people have been forced into
building roads, ports and tourist resorts as well as assisting in
military manoeuvres on the unstable borders.
But commentators in Yangon say that amid threats of further sanctions
the regime is highly motivated to convince the ILO that it is sincere in
its efforts to wipe out the practice.
"This is the first time that the ILO has had an opportunity to travel
around the country to make its own direct assessment of the forced labor
situation," the UN organisation said in a statement from Bangkok.
___________________________________________________
Xinhua: One More Political Prisoner Released in Myanmar
YANGON, September 19 (Xinhua) -- One more political prisoner, who is
serving his prison terms, was released from jail by the Myanmar
government Wednesday, according to an official Information Sheet. The
official statement said the one set freed is a member of the opposition
National League for Democracy (NLD). The release of U Kyaw Win has
brought the total number of political prisoners freed in the country to
65 since June 15. The move came after U.N. Special Envoy Razali Ismail
ended his fifth visit to Myanmar in late August in his renewed efforts
to bring about speedy comprise between the government and the opposition
to settle the country's decade-long domestic political crisis.
Meanwhile, secret talks between government leaders and NLD General
Secretary Aung San Suu Kyi, who is still under house arrest, have been
underway since October last year. The NLD, which won the 1990 general
election with 396 parliamentary seats out of 485, complained that
although the election has ended for 11 years, the government has not
transferred back the state power to the representatives in accordance
with the election results and the government's then promise when it took
over the state power on September 18, 1988. Meanwhile, the government
still regards itself as a care-taker or transitional government without
mentioning the transition period but repeatedly says it has no intention
to hold on to power for long.
___________________________________________________
AFP: Myanmar dictator Ne Win sends condolences over US terror attacks
YANGON, Sept 19 (AFP) - Myanmar's reclusive former dictator General Ne
Win sent his condolences to a prayer service for the victims of the US
terrorist attacks, but the junta remained silent on the incident,
sources said Wednesday.
Some 300 guests including resident diplomats and United Nations staff
attended Tuesday night's candle-light service at the Inya Lake Hotel
where a Buddhist monk, a Christian leader and a Muslim cleric gave
sermons, said the sources who attended the service.
The Buddhist monk, Sayadaw Ashin Janekabhivamsa, is linked closely with
the family of democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi.
At the memorial service, which called for healing, peace and unity, US
charge d'affaires Priscilla Clapp, British ambassador John Jenkins and
UNICEF representative Bertrand Mendis also gave short speeches.
A surprise presence at the prayer meeting was Aye Ne Win, grandson of
the
90-year-old Ne Win and eldest son of his daughter Sandar Win, who was
surrounded by a retinue of body guards.
He carried with him a condolence note from his grandfather signed "Ne
Win and Family" which was prominently displayed at the service.
Ne Win, who ruled Myanmar in neo-socialist isolation between 1962 and
1988, has rarely been seen in public in recent years but it still
considered a power behind the throne in the military-ruled nation.
Myanmar's democratic opposition has condemned the terrorist attacks on
New York and Washington as "inhuman and cowardly", but the military
regime has so far failed to make any comment.
___________________________________________________
AP: Interfaith service held in Myanmar for U.S. terror attack victims
Sept. 19, 2001
YANGON, Myanmar (AP) _ Buddhist, Muslim and Christian clergy presided
together as hundreds of people gathered at a hotel in the Myanmar
capital late Tuesday to attend a memorial service organized by the U.S.
Embassy for the victims of last week's terrorist attacks in the United
States.
The event, billed as ``A prayer for healing peace and unity'' was held
at the Inya Lake Hotel, which also hosted a condolence book set up by
the embassy Monday and Tuesday.
A Buddhist monk prayed in both the Pali and English languages for the
dead, and was followed by a prayer by Muslim clergy and singing of peace
prayers by children from the International School of Yangon, said a
Myanmar teacher who attended the service.
Those who turned out included many Myanmar nationals as well as members
of the city's foreign community. Among the local notables was a grandson
of Gen. Ne Win, the strongman who ruled the country from 1962-88.
The prayer service concluded with U.S. Charge d'Affaires Priscilla
Clapp thanking those who attended, and the guests slowly walked out of
the hotel holding lighted candles.
The United States does not post an ambassador in Myanmar, also known as
Burma, to show its disapproval of the ruling military government's
failure to hand over power to a democratically-elected government. It
also disapproves of the junta's poor human rights record
Myanmar was the target of a major terrorist attack in October 1983 when
North Korean agents seeking to assassinate South Korea's then-President
Chun Doo-hwan set off a bomb at a state ceremony in Yangon, killing 21
people, including four South Korean Cabinet ministers. Chun was unharmed
because he arrived late.
Myanmar's state-controlled press has presented minimal news about
Tuesday's attacks, which are a leading topic of conversation in the
markets and tea shops of the capital.
Opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy
party on Friday condemned the terrorist attacks in the United States and
expressed sympathy for the victims.
Afterwards the government, which had privately sent letters of
condolence to Washington, made public its own statement expressing
sorrow.
___________________________________________________
Irrawaddy: Political Prisoners Deny Wrongdoing
By Kyaw Zwa Moe
September 19, 2001?A group of political prisoners asked about their
views on military rule in Burma insisted they had done nothing wrong by
opposing the country?s ruling junta, according to prison sources.
Military Intelligence (MI) officials questioned the prisoners at
Tharawaddy Prison, near Rangoon, on August 10.
Sources reported that two MI officials, Major Kyaw Nyein and Captain Ye
Yint Tun, met eight political prisoners, including one elected Member of
Parliament, separately to ascertain their views on the country?s
political situation. All of the prisoners, except for National League
for Democracy (NLD) MP-elect Dr Myo Nyunt, are being held under Article
10 (a) of the State Protection Act. All have completed their original
sentences, but remain under detention due to unspecified security
concerns.
At least 52 of Burma?s nearly 2,000 political prisoners continue to be
held long after their sentences have been fully served, according to
prisoner-rights groups. Former political prisoners close to the
Tharawaddy Prison detainees say that those still being held under
Article 10 (a) have already completed ten-year sentences.
The recently interrogated detainees include: Zaw Aung, a member of the
National League for Democracy; Zaya, leader of the Democratic Party for
a New Society; All Burma Students? Democratic Front members Soe Moe
Hlaing, Thaung Htike and Yin Htwe; and activists U Aung May Thu and Htay
Kywe.
According to sources inside Tharawaddy Prison, when asked to assess
their past political activities, each of the eight prisoners replied
without hesitation that they had done what was best for their country.
After being given several hours to reconsider their answers, all eight
repeated their original response. The sources added that it was now
"extremely uncertain" when the prisoners would be released.
Meanwhile, the Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP) has
informed the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in a recent
letter that a political prisoner being held in Mon State?s Moulmein
Prison is in urgent need of treatment for an eye condition. Dr Min So
Lin, an NLD MP-elect, was sentenced to seven years imprisonment in 1998
for his political activities.
In a recent interview with Radio Free Asia, an AAPP spokesperson added
that Nay Lin Soe, a prisoner being held in Kale Prison, in Sagaing
Division, is also suffering from a severe eye ailment, and could soon
lose his sight. Nay Lin Soe is serving his second prison term for his
political activities.
According to AAPP, at least 68 political prisoners have died of various
diseases in Burma?s prisons since the military crushed a pro-democracy
uprising in 1988.
______________________MONEY________________________
Xinhua: Myanmar's Cotton Yarn Production Up in First Half of 2001
YANGON, September 19 (Xinhua) -- Myanmar produced 3,027.78 tons of
cotton yarn in the first half of this year, 26.8 percent more than the
same period of 2000 when it registered 2,387.75 tons, according to the
latest data released by the country's Central Statistical Organization.
During the six-month period, Myanmar also yielded 11,291,556 meters of
cotton fabrics, up 10 percent from the corresponding period of 2000
which saw a production of 10,255,994 meters. Cotton is one of the four
major crops of Myanmar with the other three known as paddy, beans and
pulses, and sugar cane. Official statistics show that in 2000, Myanmar
produced 5,700 tons of cotton yarn and 22 million meters of cotton
fabrics, up 19 percent and 23.37 percent respectively from 1999. Other
statistics show that altogether 325,215 hectares of cotton were
cultivated in Myanmar in the fiscal year 2000-01 which ended in March
and the country targets to grow 348,300 hectares of the crop in 2001-02.
Meanwhile, to maintain the enthusiasm of cotton growers and to solve
their difficulties of shortage of capital used in cultivation, the
government provides annually more than 1 billion Kyats (about 2 million
U.S. dollars) of loans to the growers in the country in addition to
granting advance payment to them for the purchase of cotton.
___________________________________________________
Xinhua: Myanmar Earns More From Customs Duties in First Half of 2001
YANGON, September 18 (Xinhua) -- Myanmar received 507.8 million U.S.
dollars from customs duties in the first half of this year, 11 percent
more than the same period of 2000 when it registered at 457.31 million
dollars with the income, according to the latest figures released by the
country's Central Statistical Organization. The main source of Myanmar's
customs duties income comes from import through normal trade and border
trade, of which the import customs duties income earned through normal
trade accounted for 99. 5 percent of the total during the six-month
period.
To promote agricultural development, the Myanmar government has exempted
import customs duties levied on agricultural implements including
fertilizer, pesticide and improved variety and machinery. According to
official statistics, in 2000, Myanmar earned 891 million dollars from
customs duties and its foreign trade totaled 4.086 billion dollars in
the year, of which imports amounted to 2. 567 billion dollars, while
exports were valued at 1.519 billion dollars.
___________________________________________________
Irrawaddy: Cars Become Hot Commodity in Rangoon
By Ko Thet
September 19, 2001 ?The Burmese government?s attempt to collect a tax on
used car sales coupled with high inflation has caused car prices to
skyrocket at Rangoon?s largest used car automall, the Hanta Wady market,
according to a business source in Rangoon.
"Two week ago, I bought a used car for 11 million kyat (1 USD=680 kyat)
and today someone offered me 14 million kyat. I am afraid to sell it
because I can no longer find a car in this good of shape for that
price," said a car dealer from the Hanta Wady market. He continued, "
One of my friends sold a Toyota Mark II yesterday for 15 million kyat
and two hours later the dealer was selling it for 17 million kyat and it
will probably sell for that."
A Rangoon gold dealer said, "Cars have become a popular investment
alternative with inflation being so high here right now. Businessmen are
investing their money in cars instead of keeping hard cash around." Due
to Burma?s unstable economy people often invest their hard currency into
real estate, gold or luxury items. The sudden increase in price has also
made it very difficult for the ordinary consumer to purchase a vehicle,
according to a sailor who recently returned to Burma who was hoping to
buy a car.
The dealers have been parking their cars inside the market but doing
their transactions outside of the market in response to the Military
Intelligence Officers who have been conducting surprise checks inside
the markets, according to Myint Than, who is also a car broker in car
market. The government initiated the crackdown in order to collect tax
revenue that was not being charged by the car dealers.
_______________________GUNS________________________
Reuters: India cracks down on northeast after U.S. attacks
By Biswajyoti Das
GUWAHATI, India, Sept 20 (Reuters) - Indian police and paramilitary
forces have increased border patrols in the troubled northeast after the
attacks on the United States and are combing rural areas for militants,
police said on Thursday.
They said that long-standing suspected links between militants in the
northeast and Pakistan and Afghanistan, home to Osama bin Laden, prime
suspect in the attacks, made the region vulnerable to any backlash.
``Osama bin Laden could easily trigger large-scale violence in the
region, if he really wants to, given the ground realities,'' a federal
intelligence officer told Reuters.
India's northeast -- almost encircled by China, Bhutan, Bangladesh and
Myanmar -- has been plagued by a host of separatist conflicts for more
than half a century.
New Delhi accuses Pakistan's Inter Services Intelligence of training
rebels fighting in the northeast as well as in the predominantly Muslim
state of Kashmir, a charge Islamabad denies.
Police said that they were combing rural areas across the northeast in
search of militant hideouts, though with the region under heavy rain
there had been no increase in rebel activity.
Patrols had also been increased along the border with Bangladesh, where
some 19 soldiers died in April in an outbreak of fighting between the
usually friendly neighbours, though no reinforcements had been brought
in.
There are more than 50 armed groups active in the region, and Indian
police say the majority get training and safe shelters across the
borders in Myanmar, Bangladesh and Bhutan.
Indian police say among those with links to Pakistan is the powerful
Assam separatist group, the United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA),
which accuses New Delhi of exploiting Assam's mineral resources and
neglecting the local economy.
Guerrillas frequently bomb oil pipelines, bridges, railway tracks and
packed passenger trains, attack government officials and forces, and
kidnap tea industry executives for ransom.
Police said that they had found no evidence of links between rebel
groups and bin Laden, but were looking into ``each and every aspect'' in
increased counter-insurgency operations.
Alongside indigenous rebel groups, there has also been an increase in
Islamic militant groups over the last few years, fuelled by the arrival
of millions of Bangladeshi Muslims who have illegally crossed the border
and settled in the northeast.
___________________________________________________
AFP: The Taliban-- Pakistan's foreign policy failure
[Abridged]
PESHAWAR, Pakistan, Sept 20 (AFP) - Alexander the Great, the Persians,
the British and the Soviet Union have all had their fingers burned in
Afghanistan -- and now historians can add Pakistan to that list.
The dramatic rise of the Taliban began in 1994, after Pakistan had seen
its efforts to install a friendly regime in Kabul and enjoy the fruits
of trade with Central Asia blocked by an unruly mish-mash of warring
factions who inherited post-Soviet Afghanistan.
Initially hired to guard a convoy of goods destined for Turkmenistan,
the self-styled 'religious students' quickly seized control of the
southern city of Kandahar, boosted by their mysterious acquisition of a
heavy arsenal, cash and first-rate military intelligence.
It was soon clear that something more was behind the movement than just
Koranic students from across the border, regardless of the stream of
fierce denials from Islamabad.
The prime suspect was Pakistan's Inter-Service Intelligence (ISI), a
shadowy 'state within a state' with years of experience of funnelling
CIA cash and weapons to the anti-Soviet war effort from 1979-1989.
When US oil giant UNOCAL stepped in, proposing to build a
three-billion-dollar pipeline to carry Turkmen gas to South Asia -- via
Afghanistan -- the CIA were added to the list of alleged Taliban
backers.
Across Afghanistan in the mid-1990s there were frequent reports of
sightings of Pakistani agents before major Taliban advances.
At one frontline, sophisticated GPS and satellite communications
equipment -- bearing the markings of a certain US institution -- were
recovered after a Taliban set-back.
Rapidly extending their grip over the country by buying up commanders
and blitzing their divided opponents, Taliban ranks were swelled by
increasing numbers of foreign volunteers from countries as diverse as
Pakistan, Algeria and Myanmar.
But this injection of radical volunteers set the Taliban on a course
going far-beyond the Saudi-style and subservient regime that analysts
say Pakistan was seeking to create.
Declaring Afghanistan the world's "purest Islamic state", the Taliban
imposed on the Afghan people the most extraordinary list of
restrictions, and began to hint that its puritanical mix of
ethnic-Pashtun traditions and Islamic law were up for export.
Women were barred from work and education, men had to grow beards,
music, photography and television were banned and carnival-style weekly
executions took place in Kabul's football stadium.
... Analysts say things started to go wrong for Pakistan in 1998: with
Taliban "guest" and Saudi-born dissident Osama bin Laden indicted for
the US embassy bombings in Africa, Afghanistan was hit by US cruise
missile strikes.
Then came the Taliban's brazen destruction of the ancient Buddhas of
central Bamiyan province in May. Pakistan's best efforts to intercede
fell on deaf ears, the statues were demolished to shouts of "Allah
Akbar" (God is Great), and Islamabad realised its former students were
out of control.
___________________________________________________
Xinhua: Chinese Defense Minister Meets Myanmese Guests
BEIJING, September 19 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Defense Minister met here
Wednesday with Myint Swe, commander-in-chief of the Air Force of
Myanmar, and his party. Chi, also a vice-chairman of the Central
Military Commission and a state councilor, said China and Myanmar have
worked together to safeguard the interest of developing countries since
the two countries forged diplomatic ties 51 years ago. The Five
Principles of Peaceful Co-existence jointly advocated by leaders of the
two countries have become the principles guiding the international
relations, he said. The Chinese government appreciates the Myanmese
government's adherence to the one-China policy, said Chi, adding that
China is willing to develop friendly relations between Chinese and
Myanmese militaries in all fields in the 21st century. Myint Swe said
that Myanmar and China are good neighbors, and Myanmar attaches
importance to developing cooperative ties with China and its armed
forces. He expressed the hope that the two sides continue to increase
cooperation and exchanges.
___________________________________________________
Xinhua: Senior PLA Officer Meets Myanmese Guests
BEIJING, September 18 (Xinhua) -- Fu Quanyou, chief of General Staff of
the Chinese People's Liberation Army, met here Tuesday with Myint Swe,
commander-in-chief of Air Force of Myanmar, and his party. Fu, also a
member of the Central Military Commission, said that China and Myanmar
are good-neighborly countries, and the friendship between the two
countries remains unchanged despite changing international situation. He
noted that the military relations between the two countries have kept
developing, and the cooperation between the air forces of the two
countries, in particular, is satisfactory. China will maintain and
further the existing relations with Myanmar. Myint Swe said that
Myanmese armed forces attach importance to its relations with their
Chinese counterpart, and is ready to promote bilateral cooperation in
all fields.
________________________DRUGS______________________
Reuters: Opium cuts may hit Afghan capability UN official
By Sitaraman Shankar
BOMBAY, Sept 19 (Reuters) - Afghanistan's military capability could be
limited by the ruling Taliban's decision to stop cultivating opium, a
senior official of the United Nations International Drug Control
Programme told Reuters on Wednesday.
``We expect Afghan opium production to be down to less than 200 tonnes
this year from 3,276 tonnes in 2000,'' Sandeep Chawla, the UNDCP's chief
of research told Reuters in an interview from his headquarters in
Vienna.
Until last year, Afghanistan was the world's largest producer of
heroin, which is made from opium.
``We can't be sure of cultivation now in the rebel-controlled north,
but it's traditionally been less than a tenth of total Afghan output,''
said Chawla.
Smuggling the drug to western markets was seen as a major source of
funding for the Taliban, currently under pressure to hand over
Saudi-born dissident Osama bin Laden, suspected in last week's attacks
on New York and Washington.
Chawla said Afghanistan began cutting back opium production in the
summer of 2000, following a Taliban view that it was unIslamic. But it
also cut off a crucial source of funding that has undermined its
military capabilities.
Islam bans the use of liquor and all intoxicants.
``Opium cultivation played a pivotal role in the Afghan economy in the
nineties, and funded resistance to Soviet occupation,'' Chawla said.
``Now Afghanistan's capability (to resist attack) is limited, unless
other sources of financing like smuggling arms and other contraband, or
the legitimate economy were to pick up,'' he said.
The UNDCP, which monitors the illicit drug trade across the world and
carries out surveys in Afghanistan, believes opium production has also
been hit by a severe drought.
In 2001, land used for growing opium in Afghanistan fell by 90 percent
to around 8,000 hectares (19,768 acres), Chawla said.
The country's main opium cultivating areas are Helmand in the south and
Nangarhar in the east, he said.
The bulk of the heroin produced from opium is smuggled along the Balkan
route -- through Iran, Turkey and southern Europe to markets in the
West. The central Asian route is growing rapidly, while smuggling across
the border into Pakistan and India has been reduced, he said.
STOCKPILE?
Afghanistan's decline leaves Myanmar as the largest producer.
The UNDCP estimates that last year Myanmar made 1,087 tonnes of illicit
opium, roughly a third of Afghanistan's production, but valued at prices
of $232 a kg against $28 a kg for Afghan opium.
Chawla said Afghan farmers were paid $91 million for their production
in 2000 and less than $60 million in 2001, helped only by a ten-fold
increase in prices.
But these numbers may not tell the whole story, he cautioned.
``It's difficult to estimate exactly how much Afghanistan made from
opium and its derivatives. For example, heroin sells for as much as $500
a kg in some markets,'' he said.
``There are certainly possibilities that Afghanistan can start growing
opium again if the situation demands it, but that's not a decision that
yields results immediately,'' Chawla said.
``Planting takes place in autumn and harvesting in spring, so there's a
long wait,'' he said.
``Now the questions centre on how much of a stockpile of opium the
Afghans are sitting on,'' he said.
___________________ REGIONAL/INTERNATIONAL___________________
Xinhua: NPC Vice-Chairman Meets Myanmar Guests
BEIJING, September 20 (Xinhua) -- Buhe, vice-chairman of the Standing
Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC), Thursday met with
a delegation of the Union Solidarity and Development Association (USDA)
of the Union of Myanmar. The delegation, headed by U Than Shwe, central
executive committee member of USDA and minister at the Prime Minister's
Office of Myanmar, are here as guests of the Chinese Association for
International Understanding.
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