Yangon Division
Individual Documents
Description:
"Clickety-clack sounds coming from typewriters are heard along a busy old street in downtown area of Myanmar's Yangon, bringing vibes back from bygone golden era of typewriters.
Along the sidewalk Maha Bandoola Park street, typists, mostly in middle ages, are seen busy hammering their fingers down on buttons of manual typewriters at stalls while their customers are sitting beside them, telling the typist what they want to type out or fill in the legal documents.
In past half-century before computers took over in Myanmar, typewriters ruled the market and clack-clack-clack sounds from the writing machines can be heard anywhere -- in government offices, courthouses, companies and so on.
But, such old writing machines still provide a modest living for typists who still cling stubbornly and affectionately to them, a far cry from today's modern computer age.
Their customers cover from individuals who want to fill out marriage certificates, documents to lawyers for legal papers in both Burmese and English typescript.
"Works to type up the pieces of writers and individuals become less in numbers, but on the other hand, filling out legal contracts and other notary works are enough to earn my living and to keep the business operating as well," Daw Myint Myint Oo, a typist running her own shop for more than 20 years, told Xinhua..."
Source/publisher:
"Xinhua" (China)
Date of publication:
2019-10-08
Date of entry/update:
2019-10-10
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
more
Description:
INTRODUCTION: "The November 8, 2015 elections in Myanmar
marked a historic milestone in the country?s political
and economic transition that began in 2011.
Incoming policy makers are preparing to pick up the
baton and deliver on the people?s strong aspirations for
a harmonious and prosperous Myanmar. In this series
of policy notes, the World Bank Group seeks to promote
dialogue on critical development challenges and
on options for policies and reforms that can contribute
to shared prosperity for the people of Myanmar.
Myanmar has strong medium-term growth potential.
Efforts to open up and liberalize the economy over the
past 4 years have revealed pent up demand, brought
in new investments, and increased productivity from
a very low base. Between 2011 and 2014 Myanmar?s
economy grew at an average real rate of 7 percent per
year, which is among the fastest in East Asia, and comparable
to other high performing countries in their initial
phase of liberalization. In the coming years, further
removal of economic controls could help Myanmar to
maintain a strong pace of growth.
Myanmar has a real opportunity in ensuring
that growth is also inclusive. This not only means
sustaining a strong pace of growth, but doing so
through a diversified economy that can absorb the
labor force into higher productivity sectors. The
agriculture sector, which suffers from low productivity,
contributing on average only 10-15 percent to annual
real GDP growth over the past 4 years, employs over
half of the country?s labor force. The manufacturing and
construction sectors on the other hand, which have
the highest value added per unit of labor, employ only
10-15 percent of the labor force.
Policies that can enable a structural shift to more
productive and labor intensive activities could make
a big dent on poverty and inequality in Myanmar.
These would include expanding access to essential
public services. This could enable a bigger share of
the population to benefit from the agglomeration of
economic activities around Myanmar?s growth poles,
namely Yangon and Mandalay, which account for
roughly 35 percent of national GDP.
The sound governance and use of Myanmar?s natural
resource wealth are also critical to inclusive
growth. Around 10 percent of Myanmar?s official GDP
is derived from natural resources, though some estimate
unofficial trade in natural resources at more than
20 percent of official GDP. This not only concentrates
wealth from non-renewable national assets in the hands
of a few, but also finances conflicts, which have created
vicious cycles of poverty that are geographically and
ethnically concentrated.
Policy reforms since 2011 have started to promote
inclusion so that a growing share of Myanmar?s
people can take advantage of new opportunities
and benefit from economic growth. Higher tax collections
from non-agriculture sectors and rising natural
resource rents have enabled Myanmar to reprioritize
public spending towards critical economic and social
service needs. Foreign exchange, trade and investment
liberalization have opened up economic opportunities
and the space for investment beyond a small group of
highly protected sectors. Increased public sector transparency
and decentralization have started to gradually
bring the state closer to the people.
Given this context, how can Myanmar advance
reforms to close the disparities across its geography,
ethnic communities, and income groups; and to
promote productivity and competitiveness? This is
the question that this series of policy notes, ?All aboard!
Policies for shared prosperity in Myanmar,” aims to
generate debate and ideas. The theme ?All aboard” is
meant to reflect inclusivity and imminent departure on
a positive journey.
The policy notes focus on six interconnected areas
that are likely to be high priorities for shared prosperity
(figure 1). The first is on closing the gap in access
to social services for improving Myanmar?s human
development outcomes. This could help to strengthen
the productivity and employability of Myanmar?s current
and future labor force, which is the critical input to
inclusive growth and a precondition to success in all
the other areas. The second policy note is on growing
together by reducing poverty in rural areas. Policies
to boost agriculture productivity and accelerate the
delivery of essential services in rural areas, where they
lag the most, could help to supply the much needed
labor and food for the rapidly expanding industrial,
manufacturing and service sectors.
Investment in higher productivity sectors is also likely
to require breaking business as usual to foster competitiveness
and a dynamic environment for private
sector growth across the country, which are discussed
in the third policy note. These include policies that are
targeted at reducing the costs of doing business and
engaging in international trade. The relative impact
of these could be enormous in terms of incentivizing
private sector investments, expanding access to economic
opportunities for rural and urban populations,
and diversifying the sources of growth.
Enabling these to drive major structural transformations
in the economy is likely to require policy reforms in two
important areas. The fourth policy note therefore looks
at options to expand Myanmar?s ability for financing the
future through an open, modern, and inclusive financial
system. This is important not only for channeling savings
to large private investments, but also to finance public
sector operations and service delivery, facilitate the
expansion of international trade, and enable the transfer
of increased remittances to rural areas. The fifth policy
note is on energizing Myanmar by enhancing access to
sustainable energy for all. Myanmar?s growing economy
will need more energy than is currently supplied ? not
only for productive sectors, but also for the delivery of
public services across the country."
Habib Rab + team
Source/publisher:
World Bank
Date of publication:
2016-02-23
Date of entry/update:
2016-03-01
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
World Bank and its Watchers, Economic Development, World Bank, Political, social and economic dimensions of investment in Burma, Yangon Division, Mandalay Division, Natural Resource Use, Burma/Myanmar - reports, articles etc., Agriculture in Burma/Myanmar: general and research, Energy -- general, Privatisation, Poverty and poverty-reduction in Burma/Myanmar
Language:
English, Burmese (မြန်မာဘာသာ)
Format :
pdf pdf pdf pdf
Size:
1.5 MB 2.1 MB 1.37 MB 1.57 MB
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Description:
Abstract: "In
the
past
four
years,
Myanmar?s
economy
and
industrial
sector
have
experienced
significant
development
which
has
pushed
rural
work forces
into
urban
industries.
Livelihoods
of
rural
migrant
industrial
workers
in
Myanmar,
along
with
urbanization
and
industrial
development,
need
to
be
researched
if
economic
quality
of
life
is
to
be
improved
and
social
needs
to
be
addressed
for
migrant
industrial
workers.
This
research
will
test
the
hypothesis:
?Rural
migrants
experience
improved
life
after
moving
to
work
in
factories
in
Hlaingtharyar
Industrial
Zone”.
This
research
examined
by
answering
three
research
questions
Do
migrants
experience
social
rights
to
development,
social
standards
and
quality
of
life
after
moving
to
Yangon
Industrial
Zones,
What
relationship
do
rural
migrants
have
with
local
industrial
workers,
authorities
and
labor
unions,
What
are
the
needs
of
rural
migrants
to
improve
social
standards
and
quality
of
life?.
The
purpose
of
this
research
proposal
is
to
better
understand
the
lives
of
rural
to
urban
migrant
workers
in
industrial
zones,
to
assess
how
they
adapt
and
survive
in
their
new
environment
as
well
as
their
social
relationship
with
local
habitants,
work,
unions,
and
their
families.
This
issue
makes
a
direct
impact
on
productivity
of
industries
and
human
rights
issues
of
labors.
This
research
mainly
applied
ethnography
approaches
to
rural
migrant
workers
as
a
human
agency.".....Paper delivered at the International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies: Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges: University Academic Service Centre (UNISERV), Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 24-26 July 2015.
Tin Maung Htwe
Source/publisher:
International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies: Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges: University Academic Service Centre (UNISERV), Chiang Mai University, Thailand, 24-26 July 2015
Date of publication:
2015-07-26
Date of entry/update:
2015-09-08
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Industrial Development, Yangon Division, International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies (ICBMS) 23-26 July, 2015
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
202.68 KB
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Description:
With rodents in the city increasing, people in Rangoon are buying harmless, colorful snakes to rid homes and businesses of rats.
Source/publisher:
"The Irrawaddy" Vol. 18, No. 8
Date of publication:
2010-08-00
Date of entry/update:
2010-08-31
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Yangon Division
Language:
English
more
Description:
"The city of Rangoon is a victim of the junta?s abandonment -- streets are crumbling, trash piles up, electricity is an on-off affair, sewage drains overflow and traffic lights don?t work..."
Wai Sann
Source/publisher:
"The Irrawaddy" Vol. 17, No. 5
Date of publication:
2009-08-00
Date of entry/update:
2009-12-26
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Language:
English
more
Description:
This article on Yangon Division was originally printed in the New Light of Myanmar on February 14th, 2005, as part of a series leading up to and immediately following the celebration of Union Day on the 12th of February. The original text along with accompanying pictures and tables can also be found in the archive of the print edition of NLM in the On-line Burma Library at http://www.ibiblio.org/obl/docs2/NLM2005-02-14.pdf. An article summing up recent developments in the whole country with accompanying statistical tables was published in NLM on Union Day, 2005, and is available at http://www.ibiblio.org/obl/docs2/NLM2005-02-12.pdf.
Thiha Aung
Source/publisher:
SPDC (News and Periodicals Enterprise, Ministry of Information, Union of Myanmar)
Date of publication:
2005-02-14
Date of entry/update:
2005-08-09
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Yangon Division
Language:
English
Format :
pdf pdf
Size:
2.27 MB 1.51 MB
Local URL:
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Description:
This document provides a basic introduction to Yangon Division inculding information about the topography and climate; population; languages spoken; religion; forest, sown acreage and produce; historical sites and interesting places; tradational festivals and main construction projects.
Source/publisher:
MODiNS.NET
Date of entry/update:
2005-06-03
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Yangon Division
Language:
English
more