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"Highlights:
In 2023, the Myanmar Health Cluster reached 769 080 people in conflict-affected and remote areas across 11 States and Regions, including 339 760 internally displaced people. This achievement signifies 31 % of the cluster target for the year. Each people received one or more health services from partners with highest number reached in Kayin (24%), followed by Kachin (21%) and Rakhine (20%).
Although the number of people reached reflects a 40 % increase compared to 2022, the health services remained highly limited, fragmented and below standards due to legal, administrative and military impediments.
From 1 October to 31 December 2023, health partners reported 221 965 consultations, with more than 50% addresing Primary Health Care, 22% focusing on Maternal and Newborn Care (including 436 deliveries), 10% Mental Health Care and Psychosocial Support and 5% Trauma Care. Additionally, health partners reported 450 consultations related to a disability..."
Source/publisher:
Health Cluster and World Health Organization via Reliefweb (New York)
Date of publication:
2024-02-18
Date of entry/update:
2024-02-18
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"HIGHLIGHTS
Throughout the three quarters of 2023, the health cluster has continued collectively responding to the humanitarian crisis. Together, health partners have reached 697 146 people in need. The State/Region with the largest number are Kayin (26%) and Kachin (20%), making the Southeast and Northeast areas with the most people reached. The people reached represents “unique beneficiary” who have benefitted from one or several humanitarian activities.
Furthermore, the health cluster have conducted eight trainings: on data reporting (4/5W and EWARS), on communicable diseases (cholera, dengue and vaccine preventable diseases) and on priority life-saving health services in humanitarian settings.
Finally, on 31 August, the Health Cluster was aligning its structure to the revised humanitarian architecture, with four humanitarian areas which are Northeast (Kachin & Northern Shan), Northwest (Chin, Magway, Mandalay & Sagaing), Rakhine (Rakhine & Paletwa) and Southeast (Bago East, Bago West, Eastern Shan, Kayah, Kayin, Mon, Southern Shan, & Tanintharyi)..."
Source/publisher:
Health Cluster and World Health Organization via Reliefweb (New York)
Date of publication:
2024-01-11
Date of entry/update:
2024-01-11
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"HIGHLIGHTS
January: The Myanmar Humanitarian Response Plan 2023 was published on 25 January. We estimated10 M people in need for health assistance of which 23% targeted in the displaced, returned, stateless and other crisis affected population groups.
February: Partners were trained on the updated 4W/5W (Who, What, Where, When, Whom)
March: The Preparedness and Response technical working group established emergency scenarios and minimal pre-positioning medicine and medical supplies for the monsoon. March was also the month for repoting: 375K people were reached by the Health Cluster.
April & May: Northeast, Northwest, Rakhine and Southeast dis-cussed monsoon risks using the WHO Strategic Toolkit for Assessing Risks (STAR) such as floods, landslides, outbreaks, along with the risks of conflicts. On 11-12 May, a Cholera Readiness workshop was con-ducted with over 90 participants.
14 May & June: We remember the extremely severe Cyclone Mo-cha which crossed the coast on 14 May 2023 affecting people in Rakhine, Northwest and Kachin causing extensive devastation leav-ing hundred of thousands crisis-affected people without shelter as the monsoon was approaching.
June: June was the mid-year reporting. Health partners have reached more than 558K people in need. The details informa-tion is illustrated in this bulletin.
The Cluster will continue responding to its mission of collectively preparing for and responding to humanitarian and public health emergencies to improve the health outcomes of affected populations through timely, predictable, appropriate and effective coordinated health action..."
Source/publisher:
Health Cluster, World Health Organization
Date of publication:
2023-11-02
Date of entry/update:
2023-11-02
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"Reporting period: 01-07 June 2023
5 states and regions affected: Rakhine, Northwest (Chin, Magway & Sagaing), Kachin
429K people targeted for humanitarian health assistance (55% women, 18% children under 18)
HIGHLIGHTS
Near one month after the cyclone has crossed Myanmar land, the health response is expanding. Much wider access is critical to reach the 429K people in dire need for Health Assistance.
The response relies on rapid response team and mobile clinics under emergency approval – supported by health partners. It relies also on mobile clinics under routine approval. They provide both clinical care and health education to the communities.
Health partners are currently participating to the multisectoral field observations in Rakhine and Northwest, for better understanding of the situation.
Rakhine
Most of the health partners IDP camp mobile clinics in Sittwe have been damaged due to cyclone. The partners are currently implementing in improvised sites like churches, private homes etc. A working group is being created in Sittwe with relevant partners to explore alternative set-up to deliver healthcare services in an efficient manner.
At the publication on 9 June, a directive was circulating about the withdrawal of all approved authorizations to partners in Rakhine. If applied, the measure will impact substantially on the provision of health services from partners.
Northwest (Chin, Magway & Sagaing)
The situation is unchanged from the past 2 weeks, where field observations have reported 9 rural health centres been impacted, most completely damaged with impact on health provision.
Kachin
The situation is unchanged in Kachin for the past 2 weeks, where the 2 health clinics have been restored by the communities..."
Source/publisher:
Health Cluster and World Health Organization
Date of publication:
2023-06-09
Date of entry/update:
2023-06-13
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World Health Organisation (WHO), Public Health, Cyclones - regional, Natural Disasters - General
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"HIGHLIGHTS
Extremely Severe Cyclone Mocha crossed the coast near Sittwe in Rakhine on midday of 14 May, with winds reaching 190-250 km/h, making it one of the strongest cyclones on record in the country. It brought heavy rains, floodings, winds and tidal surge reaching 5-7 ft across the coast and low-lying areas in Rakhine and headed northeast to nearby Chin, Magway, Sagaing & Kachin.
The initial observations have shown widescale destruction of homes and public infrastructures, hospitals, health clinics, schools particularly caused by heavy rains and strong winds. There are rising concerns in flooded areas for spread of waterborne diseases, Heath services were interrupted for 3 days in Rakhine. Mobile clinics under emergency and routine approvals have resumed activities treating people with injuries (mostly minor) on day 4 in the immediate aftermath of the cyclone.
Rakhine
• Most health facilities are affected, resulting in a shortage of medicines, medical supplies and health staff. Many laboratories and operating theatres in Sittwe township are non-functional.
• Medical clinics are totally destroyed in 3 IDP camps in Sittwe township which were observed.
• Sittwe General Hospital, four hospitals in Kyauktaw, Minbya, Pauktaw and Rathedaung townships, Stations hospitals in Mrauk-U townships & Ku Taung villages are totally damaged by the cyclone.
• Thet Kel Pyin station hospital in Sittwe is partially destroyed with eight in-patients still being managed and functional delivery rooms.
• Until now, four mobile clinics under emergency approval and eleven mobile clinics under routine approval are providing essential medical services to the cyclone affected people in Sittwe, Ponnagyun, Buthidaung, Maungdaw, Mrauk-U and Minbya..."
Source/publisher:
Health Cluster and World Health Organization via Reliefweb (New York)
Date of publication:
2023-05-19
Date of entry/update:
2023-05-19
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"Outbreak at a glance: Dengue is endemic in Bangladesh. As compared to the previous four years (2018 to 2021), the Rohingya refugee/Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMN) [1] camps in Cox’s Bazar district, are experiencing an acute surge in dengue cases, that started at the end of May 2022 (epi week 22). As of 24 July (end of epi week 29), a total of 7687 confirmed cases and 6 deaths have been reported, with 93% (7178) of the cumulative number of cases being reported since the start of the surge at the end of May 2022 (Figure 1). A similar surge has not been observed in the larger Cox’s Bazar district outside of the Rohingya refugee/FDMN camps nor at the national level with case numbers and trends within expected levels of incidence for the same period. As dengue is recurrent in this part of the country, the population may be at risk of secondary infection, which puts them at higher risk for severe disease.....Description of the outbreak:
From 1 January to 24 July 2022, a total of 7687 cases of dengue, confirmed by rapid diagnostic test (RDT), and six deaths (case fatality rate, 0.08%) have been reported from the Rohingya refugee/FDMN camps in Cox’s Bazar district, Ukhia Upazila and Teknaf Upazila (sub-districts), with the former sub-district being the most affected of the two. An acute surge of cases began during the week commencing 23 May (epi week 22), and peaked the week ending 26 June (epi week 25), with 93% (7178) of the cumulative number of cases being reported between 23 May and 24 July. A decreasing trend in reported dengue cases was observed following the peak when 1291 cases were reported in epi week 25; however case numbers remain high despite the decline: epi week 26 (1241), epi week 27 (1152), epi week 28 (962), epi week 29 (1000).
Cases of reported dengue in Rohingya refugee/FDMN camps are significantly higher as compared to similar periods over the past four years; 2018 (4 cases), 2019 (7 cases), 2020 (3 cases), and 2021 (1530 cases and 3 deaths with a surge from October to December) (Figure 1). However, at a national level and in the larger Cox’s Bazar district, case numbers have been within expected endemic levels of incidence; by comparison to the dengue case from the camps, the larger Cox’s Bazar district reported approximately 121 cases from 1 January to the end of June (epi week 27).
Camps located in Ukhia Upazila are predominantly affected by the outbreak. Camp 3 accounted for over 50% of all reported cases and Camps 4 and 1W each account for less than 10% of cases as of 24 July 2022. More than two-thirds of cases (67%) were among persons 15 years and older with males accounting for 60% of cases. The majority of cases (81%) were hemodynamically stable – not showing any warning signs for severe dengue syndrome (such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or Dengue Shock syndrome (DSS)) nor having any coexisting conditions – while approximately 15% of cases were mild and required observation and admission to primary health facilities. Severe dengue with signs of DHF and DSS was observed in 0.3% of cases and required admission to Cox’s Bazar District Hospital located within the camp. Among patients admitted to the hospital, 1% required blood transfusion. Previous dengue infection was reported in 1% of current cases.
Serotyping results from 10 samples processed at the Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR) reference laboratory in the capital Dhaka identified DENV-3 (5 samples), DENV-2 (3 samples). Two samples had inconclusive results.
Dengue is endemic in Bangladesh with recurrent outbreaks. The Rohingya refugee/FDMN camps in Cox’s Bazar district previously experienced an acute dengue outbreak from October to December 2021 during which 1530 cases, including 3 deaths, were reported. Case numbers began to decline at the beginning of 2022, and by the end of February, the event was under control until the resurgence of cases in May 2022.
Epidemiology of the disease
Dengue is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes and is found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas. The primary vectors that transmit the disease are Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and, to a lesser extent, Aedes albopictus.
Dengue virus (DENV) has four serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4) and it is possible to be infected by each. Infection with one serotype provides long-term immunity to the homologous serotype but not to the other serotypes; sequential infections put people at greater risk for severe dengue. Many DENV infections produce only mild illness; over 80% of cases are asymptomatic. DENV can cause an acute flu-like illness.
There is no specific treatment for dengue; however, timely detection of cases, identifying any warning signs of severe dengue infection, and appropriate case management are key elements of care to prevent patient death and can lower fatality rates of severe infection to below 1%.
Occasional cases acquired overseas have been reported among individuals returning from an area with active dengue transmission, however, there is no conclusive evidence that there have been cases of dengue imported to Bangladesh.....Public health response: The government of Bangladesh and the Health Sector established a multi-sector coordination group and organized meetings with technical partners to manage and coordinate the response.
WHO supported the Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) to undertake an entomological survey of disease-causing mosquito vectors, including dengue vectors, within and around the camp areas.
WHO led a risk assessment visit to the epicentre of the current outbreak (Camp 3) on 21 June 2022.
WHO, through the Epidemiology Technical Working Group (TWG), continues to provide timely situational updates and guide on appropriate response.
A dengue treatment protocol is being finalized by WHO to guide the detection and management of dengue cases including a referral pathway.
WHO is currently finalizing the protocol on case detection and management.
Cox’s District Referral Hospital and Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) are managing severe cases. Other hospitals and isolation facilities at Primary Health Care Centers (PHC) or dedicated centers are also managing moderate and mild cases.
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) PHC located in Camp 3 has dedicated ten isolation and six observation beds for dengue case management to cope with the surge.
WHO has procured and is distributing RDT kits to health sector partners to ensure timely diagnosis across all sentinel facilities, some of which have isolation capacity.
Multi-agency integrated response interventions including Water and Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), environmental management, health, and Risk Communication and Community Engagements (RCCE) are currently being scaled up in the affected camps.
WHO is supporting the transportation of NS1 antigen-positive dengue samples from different health facilities to the IEDCR Reference Laboratory in the capital Dhaka for PCR testing and serotyping.....WHO risk assessment: In August 2017, approximately 700,000 Rohingya nationals fled from Myanmar to Cox’s Bazar district, joining more than 200,000 Rohingya nationals already present, and settling into informal makeshift camps, marked by inadequate access to potable water or quality sanitation and challenging living conditions. The speed and magnitude of the influx exerted pressure on existing resources, strained healthcare services, water, and other social amenities. As a result, there have been high levels of global acute malnutrition (GAM) in children under five years; persistent transmission of acute watery diarrhoea (AWD); recurrent cholera epidemics that are transitioning into an endemic state; persistent diphtheria transmission since 2017; and occasional upsurges of measles, varicella, and skin infections.
Dengue virus has the potential to cause epidemics resulting in high morbidity and mortality. In Bangladesh, hospital capacity is limited and further increases in severe dengue cases may pose considerable challenges in case management. The Severe Acute Respiratory Infections Treatment Centres (SARI ITC) bed occupancy for COVID-19 admissions is 26% as of 26 June. As hospitals become burdened with people affected by the COVID-19 virus, the increase in hospitalized dengue cases may put undue strain on healthcare capacities.
Currently, the district of Cox’s Bazar can detect dengue using RDTs done in approximately 50 sentinel sites distributed across the 33 camps located in Ukhia and Teknaf Upazilas (sub-districts). There is currently no capacity for dengue virus serotyping at Cox’s Bazar Medical College Laboratory.
Cox’s Bazar previously experienced an acute dengue outbreak from October to December 2021. The current surge in dengue cases could be considered a continuation of last year’s transmission. As dengue is recurrent in this part of the country, the population may be at risk of a secondary infection that may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly and adequately.
Key challenges experienced during last year’s dengue upsurge included delays in the international procurement process for dengue RDT kits, the long process necessary for undertaking dengue virus serotype in the capital Dhaka given such capacity is not available in Cox’s Bazar, and weak vector surveillance and control.
In addition to the COVID-19 pandemic, other ongoing health events such as cholera/AWD (persistent low level of transmission) and diphtheria (persistent low level of transmission since September 2021) may pose additional challenges in response measures by competing for resources.
Population movement is now more pronounced in Bangladesh with the relaxation of COVID19-related movement restrictions. Cox’s Bazar does not have a direct international point of entry. However, it is close to the seaport in Chattogram and has a domestic airport that receives a large volume of local and international tourists and international humanitarian workers. These factors increase the possibility of international dengue introduction and spread.....WHO advice: The proximity of mosquito vector breeding sites to human habitation is a significant risk factor for dengue virus infection. Although dengue does not spread from human to human, Aedes species mosquitoes can become infected after biting dengue-infected individuals, thus creating a cycle of transmission capable of spreading dengue and leading to clusters of cases.
Vector control activities should focus on all areas where there is a risk of human-vector contact. WHO promotes a strategic approach known as Integrated Vector Management (IVM) to control mosquito vectors. IVM should be enhanced to remove potential breeding sites, reduce vector populations, and minimize individual exposure. This should involve vector control strategies for larvae and adult mosquitoes, including:
Environmental management (i.e., source reduction by improving water storage practices) and eliminating stagnant pools of water.
Larviciding non-potable waters using WHO prequalified larvicides
Distribution of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) in severely affected camps
Provision of ITNs for fever/dengue inpatients in health facilities.
Indoor space spraying (fogging) is another approach for rapid containment of a dengue outbreak but may be challenging to deliver in densely populated areas within camps. Larvicidal prevention measures recommended by MOHFW and WHO are considered more impactful in breaking transmission compared to the targeting of adult mosquitoes with fogging and fumigation.
Personal protective measures during outdoor activities include the topical application of repellents to exposed skin or treatment of clothing, and the use of long sleeves shirts and pants. Indoor protection can include the use of household insecticide aerosol products or mosquito coils. Window and door screens, as well as air conditioning, can reduce the probability of mosquitoes entering the house. Insecticide-treated nets offer good protection to people against mosquito bites while sleeping during the day. Since Aedes mosquitoes are active at dawn and dusk, personal protective measures are recommended particularly at these times of day.
Entomological surveillance should be undertaken to assess the breeding potential of Aedes mosquitoes in containers as well as conducting insecticide resistance testing for vector control intervention.
Rapid detection of severe dengue cases and timely referrals to tertiary hospitals can reduce mortality. Case surveillance should continue to be enhanced in all affected areas and across the country. Where feasible, resources should be allocated to the strengthening of sample referral mechanism for the confirmation and sub-typing of the dengue virus.
WHO does not recommend that any general travel or trade restrictions be applied to Bangladesh based on the information available for this event..."
Source/publisher:
World Health Organization (Geneva)
Date of publication:
2022-08-03
Date of entry/update:
2022-08-03
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"YANGON, 30 September 2021 - Myanmar’s low levels of COVID vaccination coverage compared to other countries in the Southeast Asia Region, combined with limited capacity for testing and disease control, has resulted in a serious COVID-19 outbreak.
Since the onset of the pandemic, more than 460,000 COVID-19 cases and almost 18,000 deaths have been reported in Myanmar, with 318,249 cases and 14,422 deaths occurring since May 1st. To date, only 6.8 per cent of the population has received two doses of COVID-19 vaccine, while an additional 13.1 per cent has received at least one dose. Until broad coverage of COVID-19 vaccination is achieved, the situation is unlikely to improve.
As part of efforts by the United Nations and its partners to accelerate COVID-19 vaccination availability, the COVAX[1] facility has preliminarily allocated 6.2 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines for Myanmar. These doses must be distributed according to WHO prioritization guidelines.
Final allocation of these vaccine supplies to Myanmar will be contingent on whether they can be delivered at the required speed and scale to all Myanmar people, in a neutral and impartial manner, irrespective of their ethnicity, gender, socio-economic status or political affiliation. It will also be contingent on the availability of appropriate cold chain infrastructure and on guarantees around the safety of health care workers being in place.
In this regard, GAVI, UNICEF and WHO are engaging in ongoing dialogue with key stakeholders to identify the modalities through which the above conditions can be achieved, allowing this humanitarian response to proceed with the ultimate aim of saving lives and as a first step towards revitalizing Myanmar’s immunization system....မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတွင် COVID ကာကွယ်ဆေးရရှိမှုအရှိန်အဟုန်မြှင့်ရန် ကြိုးပမ်းမှုများနှင့် စပ်လျဥ်း၍ GAVI၊ UNICEF နှင့် WHO တို့၏ ပူးတွဲကြေညာချက်
ရန်ကုန်၊ ၂၀၂၁ ခုနှစ်၊ စက်တင်ဘာလ (၃၀) ရက် - အရှေ့တောင်အာရှဒေသရှိ အခြားနိုင်ငံများနှင့် နှိုင်းယှဉ်လျှင် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတွင် ရောဂါစစ်ဆေး ထိန်းချုပ်နိုင်မှု အကန့်အသတ်ရှိခြင်းနှင့်အတူ COVID ကာကွယ်ဆေးထိုးပေးနိုင်မှု နည်းပါးခြင်းသည် COVID-19 ရောဂါအပြင်းအထန်ပျံ့နှံ့ခြင်းကို ဖြစ်ပွားစေခဲ့ပါသည်။
ကူးစက်ရောဂါဖြစ်ပွားချိန်မှစ၍ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတွင် COVID-19 ကူးစက်ခံရမှု ဖြစ်ရပ် ၄၆၀,၀၀၀ ကျော်ရှိပြီး ၁၈,၀၀၀ ကျော်ဦးရေ သေဆုံးခဲ့သည်ဟု အစီရင်ခံမှတ်တမ်းအရသိရှိခဲ့ပြီး မေလ ၁ရက်မှစ၍ ကူးစက်ခံရမှု ဖြစ်ရပ် ၃၁၈,၂၄၉ နှင့် သေဆုံးသူ ၁၄,၄၂၂ ဦးရေ ရှိခဲ့ပါသည်။ ယနေ့အထိ လူဦးရေ၏ ၆.၈ ရာခိုင်နှုန်းသာ COVID-19 ကာကွယ်ဆေးနှစ်ကြိမ် ထိုးထားပြီး နောက်ထပ် ၁၃.၁ ရာခိုင်နှုန်းသည် အနည်းဆုံး တစ်ကြိမ်ထိုးထားပါသည်။ COVID-19 ကာကွယ်ဆေးထိုးပေးခြင်းကို ကျယ်ကျယ်ပြန့်ပြန့် လုပ်ဆောင်နိုင်ခြင်းမရှိသေးလျှင် ရောဂါကူးစက်မှုကာကွယ်နိုင်ခြင်းအခြေအနေ တိုးတက်စေမှုအားနှောင့်နှေးစေနိုင်ပါသည်။
ကုလသမဂ္ဂနှင့် ၎င်း၏ မိတ်ဖက်အဖွဲ့များ၏ COVID-19 ကာကွယ်ဆေးထိုးခြင်း အရှိန်အဟုန်မြှင့်ရန် ကြိုးပမ်းမှုတစ်ရပ်အနေဖြင့် COVAX[1] ပံ့ပိုးမှုနှင့် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံအတွက် COVID-19 ကာကွယ်ဆေး ၆.၂ သန်းကို ဦးစွာပဏာမခွဲဝေပေးထားခဲ့ပါသည်။ ၄င်းကာကွယ်ဆေးများကို WHO ၏ ဦးစားပေးလမ်းညွှန်ချက်များနှင့်အညီ ဖြန့်ဝေရပါမည် ဖြစ်ပါသည်။
၄င်းကာကွယ်ဆေးအထောက်အပံ့များကို မြန်မာနိုင်ငံအတွက် ခွဲဝေကူညီထောက်ပံ့ရန် နောက်ဆုံး အတည်ပြုခြင်းသည် မြန်မာပြည်သူများအားလုံးထံသို့ လူမျိုး၊ ကျားမ၊ လူမှုစီးပွားအဆင့်အတန်း၊ သို့မဟုတ် နိုင်ငံရေးနှီးနွယ်မှုအရ ခွဲခြားခြင်းမပြုဘဲ ဘက်မလိုက်သောပုံစံဖြင့် လိုအပ်သောအရှိန်အဟုန်၊ အတိုင်းအတာဖြင့် ပို့ဆောင်ပေးနိုင်ခြင်းရှိမရှိ အပေါ်တွင်မူတည်ပါသည်။ ထို့အပြင် ကာကွယ်ဆေးအတွက် သင့်လျော်သော အအေးခန်းများထားရှိနိုင်မှုနှင့် တာဝန်ထမ်းဆောင်မည့် ကျန်းမာရေးစောင့်ရှောက်မှုလုပ်သားများ၏ လုံခြုံရေးအတွက် အာမခံချက်များအပေါ်တွင်လည်း မူတည်မည် ဖြစ်ပါသည်။
အထက်ပါကိစ္စနှင့်စပ်လျဉ်း၍ GAVI, UNICEF နှင့် WHO တို့သည် လိုအပ်သောအခြေအနေများ ပြည့်မှီစေနိုင်သည့် နည်းလမ်းများအားဖော်ထုတ်ရန်အတွက် အဓိကတာဝန်ရှိသည့် သက်ဆိုင်သူများနှင့် လက်ရှိတွေ့ဆုံဆွေးနွေးမှုများ လုပ်ဆောင်နေကြပါသည်။ ၄င်းဆွေးနွေးမှုသည် လူသားချင်း စာနာမှုဆိုင်ရာအထောက်အပံ့၏ အဓိကရည်မှန်းချက်ဖြစ်သော လူ့အသက်များအားကယ်တင်ခြင်းအား ဆက်လက်လုပ်ဆောင်သွားနိုင်ရန်နှင့် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ကာကွယ်ဆေးထိုးခြင်းစနစ် ပြန်လည်အသက်၀င်စေရန် အတွက် ဦးတည်သော ပထမခြေလှမ်းတစ်ခုဖြစ်ပါသည်။..."
Source/publisher:
World Health Organization (Geneva)
Date of publication:
2021-09-30
Date of entry/update:
2021-10-01
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund), World Health Organisation (WHO), COVID-19 (Coronavirus)
Language:
more
Description:
"ပြည်ထောင်စုသမ္မတမြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်
အမျိုးသားညီညွတ်ရေးအစိုးရ
www.nugmyanmar.org
အပတ်စဉ်သတင်းထုတ်ပြန်ချက် (၉/၂၀၂၁)
၂၃ ဇူလိုင် ၂၀၂၁ခုနှစ်
၁။ အမျိုးသားညီညွတ်ရေးအစိုးရ၊ သယံဇာတနှင့်သဘာဝပတ်ဝန်းကျင်ထိန်းသိမ်းရေးဝန်ကြီးဌာန၊ ထုတ်ပြန် ကြေညာချက်အမှတ် (၁၀/၂၀၂၁) ဖြင့် ဝန်ထမ်း (၂၁) ဦး၊ ကြေညာချက်အမှတ် (၁၁/၂၀၂၁) ဖြင့်ဝန်ထမ်း(၈) ဦး၊ (၁၂/၂၀၂၁) နှင့် ဝန်ထမ်း (၂၅) ဦးတိုကို ဆက်လက်၍ အမည်ပျက်စာရင်းကြေညာခဲ့သည်။
၂။ အမျိုးသားညီညွတ်ရေးအစိုးရ လျှပ်စစ်နှင့်စွမ်းအင်ဝန်ကြီးဌာန အမိန့်ကြော်ငြာစာအမှတ် (၇/၂၀၂၁) ဖြင့် ဌာနခွဲအသီးသီးရှိ CDM ဝန်ထမ်းများကို ဖိနှိပ်ခြင်း၊ ခြိမ်းခြောက်ခြင်း၊ ရာထူးမှထုတ်ပယ်ခြင်း၊ ဝန်ထမ်းအဖြစ်မှ ထုတ်ပစ်ခြင်း၊ ဝန်ထမ်းအိမ်ရာများ ပြန်သိမ်းခြင်း/ နှင်ထုတ်ခြင်း၊ ပြည်သူ့အစိုးရက ပြန်ဆပ်ရန်မလိုဟု ထုတ်ပြန်ထားသည့် ၂လစာချေးငွေများ ပြန်လည် တောင်းခံခြင်း တို့ကိုကျူးလွန်နေသည့် တရားမဝင်အာဏာ သိမ်းစစ်ကောင်စီ လက်အောက်ခံ အောက်ပါ ဝန်ထမ်းအကြီးအကဲ(၁၅) ဦးကို အမည်ပျက်စာရင်းဝင်သူများအဖြစ် သတ်မှတ် ကြေညာလိုက်ပြီး အလုပ်မှ ထုတ်ပစ်လိုက်သည်။
၃။ ပုဂ္ဂလိကဆေးရုံများ၊ ပရဟိတဆေးရုံ၊ ဆေးခန်းများနှင့် သက်ဆိုင်သော Covid-19 ကာကွယ်၊ ထိန်းချုပ်၊ ကုသရေးနှင့်ပတ်သက်သော အမိန့်ကြော်ငြာစာ တစ်ရပ်ကို အမျိုးသားအဆင့် COVID-19 ကာကွယ်၊ထိန်းချုပ်၊ ကုသရေးကော်မရှင်က ၂၀၂၁ ဇူလိုင်လ ၁၇ ရက်နေ့တွင် ထုတ်ပြန်ခဲ့ပြီး အဆိုပါ ကြော်ငြာစာတွင် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတွင် Covid-19 တတိယလှိုင်း ကူးစက်ပြန့်ပွားမှုသည် ကြောက်ခမန်းလိလိ ပျံ့နှံ့လျှက်ရှိကြောင်း၊ လက်ရှိ ပြည်သူ့ဆေးရုံများသည် ဆေးရုံတွင် ကုသမှု ခံယူရန်လိုအပ်သော လူနာများအားလုံးကို ကုသပေး ရန် အတွက် လုံလောက်သော အရင်းအမြစ် အင်အားမရှိကြောင်း၊ သို့ဖြစ်ပါ၍ အများပြည်သူများ လိုအပ်သော ကျန်းမာရေးစောင့်ရှောက်မှုကို အတတ်နိုင်ဆုံးရရှိစေရန်အတွက် ပုဂ္ဂလိက ဆေးရုံများ၊ ပရဟိတ ဆေးရုံ များတွင် ဆေးရုံတက်ရောက် ကုသမှုခံယူရန် လိုအပ်သော ပြည်သူလူထုအား ကမ္ဘာ့ကျန်းမာရေးအဖွဲ့ (WHO) မှ ထုတ်ပြန်ထားသော စံချိန်စံညွှန်းများနှင့်အညီ ကုသပြုစု စောင့်ရှောက်မှုပေးရန် တိုက်တွန်းကြောင်းတို့ပါဝင်သည်။
၄။ အမျိုးသားညီညွတ်ရေးအစိုးရ၊ ကျန်းမာရေးဝန်ကြီးဌာနက COVID-19 ကာကွယ်၊ ထိန်းချုပ်၊ ကုသရေး လုပ်ဆောင်မှုများအား ပြည်သူသို့ အစီရင်ခံတင်ပြစာ ၁ကို ၂၀၂၁ ဇူလိုင်လ ၁၇ ရက်နေ့တွင်ထုတ်ပြန်ခဲ့ပြီး အဆိုပါ ထုတ်ပြန်ချက်တွင် ကိုဗစ်ရောဂါ ကာကွယ်၊ ထိန်းချုပ်၊ ကုသနိုင်ရေးအတွက် အမျိုးသားညီညွတ်ရေးအစိုးရနှင့် တိုင်းရင်းသားဒေသအဖွဲ့အစည်းတို့ ပူးပေါင်းဆောင်ရွက်နေမှုများအကြောင်း၊ ပြည်သူလူထုအားကာကွယ်ဆေးထိုး နှံနိုင်ရေး နိုင်ငံတကာအဖွဲ့အစည်းများသို့ အကြံပြုထားသော နည်းလမ်း(၃) သွယ်အကြောင်းနှင့် ကျန်းမာရေးဝန်ကြီးဌာနက လုပ်ကိုင်ဆောင်ရွက်နေသော ပညာပေးအစီအစဉ်များအကြောင်းတို့ပါဝင်ပါသည်။
၅။ အမျိုးသားညီညွတ်ရေးအစိုးရ ဆက်သွယ်ရေး၊ သတင်းအချက်အလက်နှင့် နည်းပညာဝန်ကြီးဌာန၊ လျှပ်စစ်နှင့် စွမ်းအင်ဝန်ကြီးဌာနများ၏ တရားဝင် အင်တာနက် စာမျက်နှာများကို ၂၀၂၁ ခုနှစ် ဇူလိုင်လ ၂၈ ရက်နေ့တွင် ထုတ်လွှင့်ခဲ့သည်။
ဆက်သွယ်ရေး၊ သတင်းအချက်အလက်နှင့် နည်းပညာဝန်ကြီးဌာန
https://mocit.nugmyanmar.org/
လျှပ်စစ်နှင့် စွမ်းအင်ဝန်ကြီးဌာန၊
https://moee.nugmyanmar.org/
၆။ ပြည်ထောင်စုသမ္မတမြန်မာနိုင်ငံ အမျိုးသားညီညွတ်ရေးအစိုးရ ဝန်ကြီးချူပ်ရုံး ၂၀၂၁ ခုနှစ် ဇူလိုင်လ ၁၈ ရက်နေ့စွဲဖြင့် ကမ္ဘာ့ကုလသမဂ္ဂအထွေထွေ အတွင်းရေးမှူးချူပ်နှင့် နိုင်ငံတကာအသိုင်းအဝိုင်းများ၊ နိုင်ငံတကာ အဖွဲ့အစည်းများ၊ အမျိုးသားအစိုးရများ၊ စေတနာ သဒ္ဓါတရားထက်သန်သော လူပုဂ္ဂိုလ်များထံသို့ အိတ်ဖွင့်ပေးစာတစ်စောင်၂ ပေးပို့ခဲ့သည်။ အဆိုပါ အိတ်ဖွင့်ပေးစာတွင် လက်ရှိမြန်မာနိုင်ငံတွင် လူပေါင်း ၉၄၅၀၀၀ ကျော်မှာ အကူအညီလိုအပ်နေပြီး၊ ၃၃၆၀၀၀ ကျော်မှာ စစ်ဘေးဒဏ်ကို ပြေးရှောင် နေရသလို၊ အနည်းဆုံး လူပေါင်း ၆.၂ သန်းမှာ အစားအစာပြတ်လပ်မှုကြုံနေရပါသည်။ တရားမဝင် စစ်ကောင်စီ၏ ညံ့ဖျင်းလှသော စီမံခန့်ခွဲမှုကြောင့် ကိုဗစ် ၁၉ တတိယလှိုင်း၏ ပြင်းထန်သော ရိုက်ခတ်မှုသည် မထိန်းသိမ်းနိုင်တော့သည့် အခြေအနေသို့ရောက်ရှိနေပြီး သေဆုံးမှုများမှာ တိုးပွားလျက် ရှိကြောင်း၊ ဆေးရုံများတွင် လူနာများအတွက် အိပ်ယာများမလုံလောက်ခြင်းနှင့် ကိုဗစ်ရောဂါ ကူးစက်သူများကို ကုသရန် ငြင်းဆန်မှုများဖြစ်ပေါ်လျက်ရှိပါသည်။ အောက်စီဂျင်ပြတ်လပ်မှုမှာ တစ်ဖြည်း ဖြည်း ပိုမိုဆိုးရွားလာပြီး စစ်ကောင်စီမှ အောက်ဆီဂျင်ထုတ်လုပ်မှုများနှင့် အောက်ဆီဂျင် ထုတ်လုပ်သည့် စက်ပစ္စည်းများကို လူမဆန်စွာ ပိတ်ပင်တားဆီးပြီး သိမ်းပိုက်ထားကြေင်း၊ စစ်ကောင်စီသည် ကျန်းမာရေးစနစ်နှင့် ကျန်းမာရေးလုပ်သားများအပေါ် ပစ်မှတ်ထား နှိမ်နှင်းနေပြီး ကိုဗစ် ၁၉ ကပ်ရောဂါအား စစ်လက်နက်တစ်ခုအဖြစ် ရည်ရွယ်ချက်ရှိရှိ အသုံးချနေကြောင်း တစ်ဖြည်းဖြည်း ပေါ်လွင်လာနေပါသည်။ ယခုအခါ မြန်မာပြည်တွင် ကျန်းမာရေး ဝန်ဆောင်စောင့်ရှောက်နေသည့် ကျန်းမာရေးဝန်ထမ်းများကို ပစ်မှတ်ထားတိုက်ခိုက်မှု ၂၅၀ ကျော်ရှိပြီဖြစ်ပြီး တိုက်ခိုက်ခံရမှုအများဆုံး တိုင်းပြည်ဖြစ်သလို၊ ကျန်းမာရေးဆိုင်ရာ ပညာရှင်များအတွက် အန္တရယ်အရှိဆုံး တိုင်းပြည်တစ်ခုဖြစ်လာနေကြောင်း၊ နိုင်ငံတကာမှ ချက်ခြင်းကူညီဆောင်ရွက်ခြင်းမရှိလျှင် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံသည် မျိုးကွဲရောဂါသစ် အပါအဝင် ကိုဗစ် ၁၉ ပြန့်ပွားစေသည့် အဓိက နိုင်ငံတစ်ခုဖြစ်လာနိုင်ပါသည်။ မြန်မာ့ပြဿနာသည် ဒေသတွင်းနှင့် တစ်ကမ္ဘာလုံး၏ ကျန်းမာရေးဆိုင်ရာကပ်ရောဂါကို ပြန်လည်ဖြစ်ပွားလာစေမည့် နိုင်ငံငယ်တစ်ခုအဖြစ် ရှိနေသည့်အတွက် နိုင်ငံ တစ်နိုင်ငံ၏ ပြည်တွင်းအရေးတစ်ခုတည်း မဟုတ်တော့ပါဟု ပြောလိုပါသည်။ ထို့ကြောင့် နိုင်ငံတကာ အသိုင်းအဝိုင်းမှ ကောင်းမွန်စနစ်ကျသော ဝင်ရောက်စွက်ဖက်မှုကို အမြန်ဆုံးဆောင်ရွက်ပေးပါရန် တောင်းဆိုကြောင်းတို့ပါဝင်သည်။
၇။ ၂၀၂၁ ခုနှစ် ဇူလိုင်လ ၁၉ ရက်နေ့တွင် ကျရောက်သည့် (၇၄) နှစ်မြောက် အာဇာနည်နေ့အခမ်းအနားများသို့ အမျိုးသားညီညွတ်ရေးအစိုးရအဖွဲ့က သဝဏ်လွှာတစ်စောင်ပေးပို့ခဲ့သည်။ အဆိုပါ သဝဏ်လွှာတွင် အာဇာနည် ခေါင်းဆောင်ကြီး များသည် တောင်တန်း နှင့် မြေပြန့်မကွဲခြားဘဲ တန်းတူညီမျှရှိမှု၊ လွတ်လပ်မှု၊ တရားမျှတမှုစသည့် ဖက်ဒရယ်ဒီမိုကရေစီစံနှုန်းများဖြင့် ပြည်ထောင်စု မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်သစ်တစ်ရပ် ကြိုးပမ်းထူထောင်နေစဉ် လမ်းခုလတ်၌ ကျဆုံးခဲ့ကြရ ကြောင်း၊ နိုင်ငံတော်လုပ်ကြံမှုကြီး ကြောင့် လွတ်လပ်စမြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ ကံကြမ္မာမှာ တဆစ်ချိုးပြောင်းလဲသွားခဲ့ရသလို အကြမ်းဖက်လုပ်ကြံမှုကို ဦးဆောင်ခဲ့သော ဂဠုန်ဦးစောမှာလည်း ကြိုးစင်ထက်တွင် ဘဝဆုံးခဲ့ရပြီး လူသိများသော နိုင်ငံရေးသမား တစ်ဦးအဖြစ်မှ ပြည်သူလူထုတစ်ရပ်လုံး ရွံရှာစက်ဆုပ်သည့် လူယုတ်မာတစ်ဦးအဖြစ် သမိုင်းတွင် မှတ်တမ်းဝင် ကျန်ရစ်ခဲ့ကြောင်း၊ ယနေ့ နွေဦးတော်လှန်ရေးတွင် ရှေးကအာဇာနည်ကြီးများ၏စိတ်ဓာတ်အတိုင်း အများအတွက် အသက်စွန့်ခဲ့ကြတဲ့ သူရဲကောင်းတွေပေါ်ပေါက်လာခဲ့ရပြန်သည့်အပြင် ကိုဗစ်ကပ်ရောဂါ ကာကွယ်စောင့်ရှောက်ရေးအတွက် အသက်စွန့်ကြိုးပမ်းခဲ့ကြတဲ့ သူရဲကောင်းတွေ ကိုလည်း မြင်တွေ့နေရလျက် ရှိကြောင်း၊ ဤကဲ့သို့ အများအကျိုးအတွက် စွန့်လွှတ် အနစ်နာခဲ့ပြီး ဆောင်ရွက်တတ်သော အာဇာနည်စိတ်ဓါတ်သည် မိမိတို့ ဦးတည်ချီတက်နေတဲ့ စစ်အာဏာရှင်စနစ်ပျက်သုဉ်းရေးနှင့် ဖက်ဒရယ်ဒီမိုကရေစီပြည်ထောင်စု တည်ဆောက်ရေး အတွက် အင်အားများပင် ဖြစ်ကြောင်း၊ ယနေ့ ၇၄ နှစ်မြောက် အာဇာနည်နေ့တွင် အာဇာနည် အမျိုးသား ခေါင်းဆောင်ကြီးများနှင့် တကွ ခေတ်အဆက်ဆက် မတရားမှုကို ဆန့်ကျင်တော်လှန်ခဲ့ကြသော၊ အများအကျိုးအတွက် စွန့်လွတ် အနစ်အနာခံခဲ့ကြသော အာဇာနည်တိုင်းရင်းသားပြည်သူလူထုအပေါင်းတို့ကို အမျိုးသားညီညွတ်ရေး အစိုးရကိုယ်စား အလေးပြုဦးညွတ်လိုက်ကြောင်းတို့ပါဝင်သည်။
၈။ အမျိုးသားညီညွတ်ရေးအစိုးရ “အမျိုးသားအဆင့် COVID-19 ကာကွယ်၊ ထိန်းချုပ်၊ ကုသရေး ကော်မရှင်မှ ပြည်သူသို့ ပန်ကြားလွှာ” ၃ တစ်စောင်ကို ၂၀၂၁ခုနှစ် ဇူလိုင်လ ၁၉ ရက်နေ့နေ့စွဲဖြင့် ထုတ်ပြန်ခဲ့ပြီး အဆိုပါ ပန်ကြားလွှာတွင် အကြမ်းဖက်စစ်ကောင်စီ အာဏာမသိမ်းခင်က ပြည်သူနှင့် ပြည်သူအစိုးရ တသားတည်း ရောဂါန္တရကပ်ဖြစ်သည့် COVID-19 ပထမလှိုင်းနှင့် ဒုတိယလှိုင်း ကို ညီညီညွတ်ညွတ် ဝိုင်းဝန်း၍ တွန်းလှန် တိုက်ဖျက်ခဲ့ကြသည်။ ကမ္ဘာ့အဆင့်အတန်းမှီ၊ အဆင့်မြင့်နိုင်ငံ များတွင်တောင် ကောင်းမွန်စွာ ကုသ၊ ကာကွယ်၊ ထိန်းချုပ်မှု မပေးနိုင်ခဲ့သည့်အချိန်တွင် ပြည်သူ့အစိုးရ၏ စနစ်တကျ စီမံခန့်ခွဲမှုကြောင့် မြန်မာပြည်သူပြည်သားအားလုံး စနစ်တကျ တည်ငြိမ်အေးချမ်းစွာဖြင့် ဖြေရှင်းကျော်လွှားနိုင်ခဲ့ကြောင်း၊ မတရားအာဏာသိမ်း အကြမ်းဖက်စစ်ကောင်စီ၏ ပြည်သူအပေါ်တွင် စာနာထောက်ထား မှုကင်းမဲ့စွာ စေတနာလုံးဝမရှိဘဲ မိမိတို့အာဏာတည်မြဲရေးတစ်ခုကိုသာ ရှေးရှု၍ လုပ်ဆောင်နေပြီး COVID-19 တတိယလှိုင်းကို စနစ်တကျ စီမံခန့်ခွဲ ထိန်းချုပ်နိုင်ခြင်းမရှိကြောင်း၊ အကြမ်းဖက် စစ်ကောင်စီနှင့် ပူးပေါင်းဆောင်ရွက်ခြင်းမရှိဘဲ CDM ဆက်လက် လုပ်ဆောင်လျက်ရှိသော ပြည်သူများကို တတ်အားသရွေ့ ပံ့ပိုးကူညီနေသည့် ကျန်းမာရေးဝန်ထမ်းများ၊ အရပ်ဖက် ပြည်သူ့အဖွဲ့အစည်းအများ၊ ပရဟိတအသင်းအဖွဲ့များ၊ ပုဂ္ဂလိကဆေးရုံများကို အမျိုးမျိုးသော ဖိနှိပ်ချုပ်ချယ်မှုများပြုလုပ်၍ အများ ပြည်သူ လိုအပ်သော ရောဂါ၊ ကာကွယ်၊ ထိန်းချုပ် ကုသမှုများ မပေးနိုင်ရန် နည်းမျိုးစုံဖြင့် နှောင့်ယှက် ဖျက်ဆီးလျှက်ရှိကြောင်းနှင့် ပြည်သူသို့ အကြံပြုချက်များပါဝင်သည်။
၉။ အမျိုးသားညီညွတ်ရေးအစိုးရ အမျိုးသားအဆင့် COVID-19 ကာကွယ်၊ ထိန်းချုပ်၊ ကုသရေးကော်မရှင်က COVID-19 တတိယလှိုင်းတွင် ကျန်းမာရေးစောင့်ရှောက်မှုများ ပေးနေကြသော ပြည်သူ့ကျန်းမာရေး သူရဲကောင်းများအား အကြမ်းဖက်စစ်ကောင်စီမှ မတရား ဖိနှိပ်၊ ဖမ်းဆီး၊ ချုပ်နှောင်ခြင်း၊ ပြည်သူများ လိုအပ်နေသည့် ဆေးဝါးများကို ဖျက်ဆီးသိမ်းယူခြင်းများကို ပြင်းထန်စွာ ကန့်ကွက်ရှုံ့ချသော ကြေညာချက်တစ်စောင်၄ကို ထုတ်ပြန်ခဲ့သည်။
အသေးစိတ်သိရှိလိုပါက လေ့လာရန်လင့်ခ်များ..."
Source/publisher:
National Unity Government of Myanmar
Date of publication:
2021-07-23
Date of entry/update:
2021-07-23
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
National Unity Government (NUG), Anti-coup protesters, COVID-19 (Coronavirus), World Health Organisation (WHO), 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état
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" The UN Country Team in Myanmar is stepping up its response efforts following an alarming spike in the reported number of COVID-19 cases in the country.
Even with very limited testing and people experiencing difficulties in accessing testing, 5497 new cases were reported on July 17 bringing the test positivity rate to 39.12 per cent compared to 22.34 per cent two weeks earlier. In addition, several COVID-19 variants have been detected, including the highly transmissible Delta variant.
Stay-at-home orders in over 70 townships across Myanmar have been imposed, as well as nationwide public holidays declared from 17-25 July in efforts to curb virus spread. Access to hospital beds and oxygen is limited due to insufficient supplies and manpower.
The UN Country Team is working to address the oxygen shortage through the procurement of oxygen concentrators and other necessary equipment through multiple channels.
The immediate scaling up of the provision of critical health services and COVID-19 vaccination efforts, remains an urgent priority.
WHO, UNICEF and partners are redoubling their efforts to accelerate COVID-19 vaccination availability through multiple channels, including through the COVAX facility. Myanmar is expected to receive enough COVID-19 vaccines through the COVAX facility during 2021 to cover 20 per cent of the population which is required to be distributed according to WHO guidelines for prioritizing vaccination. The first batch of these vaccines is expected in the current round of allocations.
Efforts are underway to re-operationalize testing and COVID-19 treatment centres are being established with available resources and capacities.
Currently, COVID-19 testing is occurring in states and regions at the rate of 12,000-15,000 tests per day. With testing at limited levels, however, many cases are expected to be unreported.
The current outbreak of COVID-19 is expected to have devastating consequences for the health of the population and for the economy. A renewed ‘whole of society’ approach is needed now more than ever, allowing all health professionals to work in safety, and both public and private providers enabled to contribute to the response..."
Source/publisher:
United Nations Myanmar
Date of publication:
2021-07-19
Date of entry/update:
2021-07-19
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
COVID-19 (Coronavirus), World Health Organisation (WHO), UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund)
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Description:
"HIGHLIGHTS:
WHO has been supporting the Government of Bangladesh through the Civil Surgeon’s office to develop a protocol for COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) pilot testing in the Cox’s Bazar district. During the reporting period, 9 health care workers from 3 different health care facilities in Cox’s Bazar have been trained on the COVID-19 Antigen RDT system.
WHO and the IPC Technical Working Group (ICP TWG) initiated a two-week hands-on mentorship on the use of the recently developed kobo reporting tool for IPC focal person at the SARI ITCs.
WHO and IOM, as chair and co-chair of the Emergency Preparedness and Response Technical Committee completed the After-Action Review (AAR) for the major fire that occurred in the camps on 22nd March 2021. Based on the findings revealed by the AAR, the number of MMTs have been increased to ensure a wider coverage and a prompt response in case of emergency.
WHO has closely collaborated with BBC Media Action in the production of a video series aimed at raising awareness on different health issues and improve health care seeking behaviour among Rohingya refugees.
SUBJECT IN FOCUS: Blood Transfusion Services in Cox’s Bazar: establishing public blood banks and transfusion centers at Upazila level..."
Source/publisher:
World Health Organization (Geneva) via "Reliefweb" (New York)
Date of publication:
2021-06-25
Date of entry/update:
2021-06-28
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
World Health Organisation (WHO), Burmese refugees in Bangladesh, Arakanese/Rakhine/Rohingya history
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Topic:
Health, Safety and Security
Topic:
Health, Safety and Security
Description:
"The United Nations in Myanmar warns of the impact on public health, including the COVID-19 response, from attacks on medical personnel and facilities, and reiterates its call for health workers, health facilities and patients to be protected.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) global surveillance system, since the beginning of February there have been 158 reported attacks on health care, resulting in 11 deaths and 51 injuries. This is currently the majority of reported attacks on health care services worldwide since the beginning of 2021. Some 83 attacks impacted facilities, 21 attacks impacted ambulances, 76 attacks impacted health personnel, and 73 attacks impacted patients.
The global tracking system cumulatively lists 51 health facilities across Myanmar as having been under occupation by security forces. At least 31 of these facilities remain currently occupied and have reported a drop in the number of people seeking medical care. Meanwhile, at least 139 doctors believed to be participating in civil disobedience have reportedly been charged under Section 505 (a) of Myanmar’s Penal Code. These include highly specialized health personnel whose expertise cannot easily be replaced, which will significantly impact both the quality and quantity of health services available.
Attacks on health care pose a grave risk for the delivery of essential health services, as well as for the COVID-19 response, with potential devastating consequences for Myanmar and beyond. At a time when Myanmar needs them the most, health workers fear arrest or detention for exercising their rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly.
“The United Nations in Myanmar stands ready to continue its support of the national COVID-19 response but this requires a return to the comprehensive response to the COVID-19 pandemic previously underway, that the inviolable nature of health facilities and health workers and patients is respected, and the immediate release of urgently needed medical and technical personnel detained or arrested while exercising their rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly,” Andrew Kirkwood, acting interim United Nations Resident Coordinator and Humanitarian Coordinator for Myanmar, said.
The United Nations Country Team in Myanmar consists of FAO, ILO, IOM, ITC, OHCHR, OCHA, UNAIDS, UNCDF,
UNDP, UNEP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UN HABITAT, UNHCR, UNICEF, UNIDO, UNODC, UNOPS, UNV, UN WOMEN, WFP, and WHO..."
Source/publisher:
UN Country Team in Myanmar via "Reliefweb" (New York)
Date of publication:
2021-05-05
Date of entry/update:
2021-05-07
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
COVID-19 (Coronavirus), Public Health, World Health Organisation (WHO), Health Workers Strike, Political prisoners and other violations in Burma - reports, Freedom of opinion and expression: - the situation in Burma/Myanmar - reports, analyses, recommendations, Right to Life: reports of violations in Burma, 2021 Burma/Myanmar coup d'état
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"A high ranking Myanmar health official has urged the public in the country to get their children vaccinated against polio and share the advantages of vaccination.
Speaking at a mass cycling event to mark the 2019 World Polio Day at the Palace Moat in Mandalay city in central region Sunday, Minister of Health and Sports Dr. Myint Htwe said extra vaccinations were given in August and October to protect children against polio, according to the ministry Monday.
Mandalay Region Chief Minister Dr. Zaw Myint Maung said the cycling event was aimed at increasing awareness of polio eradication among the public.
A total of 800 cyclists participated in the event.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced Myanmar as a polio-free country in 2014. However the polio disease was found again in the country as it failed to give vaccination to the children particularly those in the remote areas..."
Source/publisher:
"Xinhua" (China)
Date of publication:
2019-10-21
Date of entry/update:
2019-11-10
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Children, Public Health, World Health Organisation (WHO)
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Topic:
Health, malaria, WHO
Sub-title:
Malaria is said to be as old as mankind. Worldwide it has killed more people than any other disease in history. Here in Myanmar, more than 8 million people remain at high risk, and we recorded over 70,000 cases in 2018. Yet, we firmly believe that we can,
Topic:
Health, malaria, WHO
Description:
"Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, according to the World Health Organisation. However, it is preventable and curable.
In the last seven years, we have witnessed extraordinary progress in the fight against malaria in the country. Cases have dropped by 85 percent and deaths by a stunning 95pc. With this current trajectory, we can end local transmission in Myanmar by 2030.
There are many reasons for the recent success. The government has made malaria elimination a political priority, not only for the Ministry of Health and Sports, but for all ministries. Public health facilities and village volunteers provide free tests, treatment and care across the country. And development partners have contributed significant funding and technical expertise. This has complemented large increases in domestic resources dedicated to tackle the disease.
We should celebrate progress. But we must also be mindful that the fight is not yet over. As we move closer to elimination, malaria will recede into the most remote of areas and make it harder to find the last cases. This challenge is compounded by antimalarial drug resistance in the countries surrounding the Mekong River. If drug resistance were to deepen and spread, we may have a public health disaster on our hands. We must stop drug resistance in its tracks, and the only way to do so with certainty is to eliminate the disease.
Elimination will require more of what has proven successful, as well as innovation. We must increase and sustain funding, ensure that all have access to quality health care, and expand the collaboration with communities affected by malaria. We must also deepen our partnership with the corporate sector.
In 2018, the Asia Pacific Leaders Malaria Alliance and Yoma Strategic Holdings launched M2030 in Myanmar, bringing together businesses, consumers and health organisations to help end malaria. Today, local companies are also raising funds for malaria programs in Myanmar, reminding consumers that they can help end this disease..."
Source/publisher:
"Myanmar Times" (Myanmar)
Date of publication:
2019-10-08
Date of entry/update:
2019-10-09
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Public Health, Malaria, World Health Organisation (WHO)
Language:
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Topic:
Health, TB, WHO
Sub-title:
The Ayeyarwady Regional Public Health Department is urging the public, government and social groups to immediately inform health officials of people who may have tuberculosis (TB) so that steps can be taken to control the disease.
Topic:
Health, TB, WHO
Description:
"“Any government hospital or private clinic that treats a patient for TB must inform the Regional Health Department immediately so that we can treat them effectively,” Dr Than Tun Aung, deputy director general of the Ayeyarwady Regional Health Department, said.
The department launched a programme last month to treat the disease under its Tuberculosis-Diabetes Mellitus Standard Operational Procedures.
The department is conducting TB and diabetes screening to determine the extent of the disease in the region.
People who have been exposed to TB patients are provided medication for three months as a preventive measure. Those discovered to have full blown TB have to take medicine for six months, and those suffering from multi-drug-resistant TB must take medicine for 20 months, the department said.
“To reduce new infections, the cooperation of government offices, civic groups, and the public is very important,” Dr Than Tun Aung said.
The department estimated there were about 300 TB cases for every 100,000 people..."
Source/publisher:
"Myanmar Times"
Date of publication:
2019-09-10
Date of entry/update:
2019-09-14
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
Public Health, Tuberculosis and other lung/respiratory tract diseases, World Health Organisation (WHO)
Language:
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Description:
"To strengthen the District Sadar Hospital, Cox’s Bazar, WHO completed renovation of four wards there, with support from King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center (KS Relief).
The preliminary findings of the rapid healthcare waste management assessment(HCWM) revealed that it is a priority of public health concern in the settlement, requiring special attention on setting-up robust and sustainable HCWM system in the district.....There are an estimated 913 316 Rohingya refugees in Cox’s Bazar, according to the latest ISCG situation report (June 2019). This includes 34 172 refugees from Myanmar who registered before 31st August 2017. All refugees, including new arrivals, face compounding vulnerabilities, including in health. WHO has been responding to this crisis since September 2017. A summary of response actions from epidemiological weeks 29 and 30 of 2019 is presented below by WHO functions..."
Source/publisher:
World Health Organization (WHO)
Date of publication:
2019-08-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-08-02
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
World Health Organisation (WHO), Arakan (Rakhine) State - reports etc. by date (latest first), Burmese refugees in Bangladesh
Language:
Format :
pdf
Size:
702.65 KB
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Description:
"Dr Myint Htwe, Minister of Health, Myanmar, on the key health sector priorities for the new government..."
Dr Myint Htwe
Source/publisher:
World Health Organization South-East Asia Region
Date of publication:
2016-09-09
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
World Health Organisation (WHO)
Language:
English
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Description:
"Epilepsy is a major public health problem: it is a chronic noncommunicable disease of the
brain that affects more than 50 million people worldwide. Epilepsy accounts for 0.5% of
the global burden of disease and is associated with stigma, physical and psychiatric
comorbidity, and high economic costs. Nearly 80% of people living with epilepsy reside in
low- and middle-income countries, and 75% do not receive the treatment they need.
Over half of the people living with epilepsy worldwide are estimated to live in Asia. In
comparison with Africa, Asia has more untreated patients, with greater treatment costs
and possibly higher premature mortality. According to the WHO Atlas: country resources
for neurological disorders (second edition), the median number of neurologists is extremely
low in South-East Asia (0.1 per 100 000 population) and the Western Pacific (1.2) – far
fewer than the ratio in Europe (6.6).
In Myanmar, it is estimated that around 500 000 people live with epilepsy, a prevalence of 1.1
per 1000 population. An estimated 95% of people living with epilepsy do not receive the care
required. The main reasons for this include the limited number of health care providers trained
to provide care and support to people living with epilepsy, the limited access to anti-seizure
medications, and a lack of awareness and health education about epilepsy.
For more than 20 years, the WHO has led the global movement against epilepsy. Within
the framework of the Global Campaign Against Epilepsy, WHO aims to bring epilepsy “out
of the shadows”, encouraging countries to prioritize epilepsy in public health planning, as well
as raise awareness of the disease among health care providers and the general public.
The WHO Programme on reducing the epilepsy treatment
gap seeks to achieve these goals in pilot locations in
Myanmar, Ghana, Mozambique and Viet Nam, which can
be used as a model for scale up in other countries. The
Programme offers an innovative community-based model
focused on expanding the skills of nonspecialist health
care providers to diagnose, treat and follow up people
living with epilepsy.
Epilepsy is included as a priority condition in the WHO
mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP). It’s
evidence-based guidelines facilitate delivery of interventions by nonspecialist health care providers and is used in
the WHO Programme on reducing the epilepsy treatment
gap to strengthen care provided for people living with
epilepsy and their families. The Programme also includes
strengthening of health systems to increase sustainable
access to anti-seizure medications, reinforcing referral
systems, ensuring better monitoring of epilepsy in health
information systems, and raising awareness to support
people living with epilepsy and their families.
The Myanmar Epilepsy Initiative was launched in 2013
in a phased approach. In 2013, the project was initiated
in the two townships of Hlegu and Hmawbi and then
subsequently scaled up to Lewe, Kawhmu and Thalyinin
2014; Nyaundon, Thaton and Kyaikhto in 2015; Sagaing
and Taunggyi in 2016, and Nyaunglebin and Pantanaw in
2017. The project gradually expanded to 12 townships,
from seven states/regions, covering 2.9 million people.
In 2013 and 2014, situation analyses and baseline
surveys were carried out in the first five project townships
to better understand the existing needs and resources.
The prevalence of epilepsy ranged from 0.83 to 1.9
per 1000 population in the surveyed townships, with
an average prevalence of 1.4 per 1000 population that
was used to estimate the number of people living with
epilepsy in other townships for planning purposes..."
Dr. Thant Thaw Kaung
Source/publisher:
World Health Organisation (WHO)
Date of publication:
2017-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
World Health Organisation (WHO), General studies and surveys on health in Burma, Myanmar's Health Policy
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
2.38 MB
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Description:
"The World Health Organization (WHO) Country Cooperation Strategy (CCS) 2014–2018
for Myanmar provides a coherent medium-term vision of WHO’s technical cooperation,
and defines its strategic framework for working in and with the country. It aligns closely
with the priorities of the National Health Policy, Strategies and Plans and is harmonized
with efforts of the United Nations (UN) system for country development. The present
CCS is built on the experience and achievements of the previous CCS 2008–2011 and
takes into consideration the emerging country situation. It also follows the guidance of
Twelfth General Programme of Work (GPW), which provides a six-year (2014–2019)
vision for the Organization. GPWs set a global health agenda for all stakeholders and
establish a strategic, results-based and accountable framework for WHO. The Twelfth
GPW comprises five, as opposed to a previous 13, programmatic categories and one
administrative category.
Myanmar emerges from decades of isolation with much hope and support from
the global and regional communities. The country has a high potential for rapid growth
and development given its natural resources and youth representing nearly 40% of
the population. Despite this, and consistent efforts for further development, Myanmar
faces multiple constraints and risks that may limit its progress. For example, important
disparities are apparent in access to benefits between rural areas, where about 70% of
the population resides, and urban areas. In the health sector, constraints to improve
the health status of the people include: access to basic health services; inequities and
service availability; disparities in availability and affordability of essential medicines;
adequate infrastructure and public expenditures; and trained health personnel.
Myanmar has made progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs):
its infant mortality rate (IMR), under five morality rate (U5MR) and maternal mortality
ratio (MMR) declined between 1988 and 2007. The U5MR declined steadily since
then and if this trend continues, the country will achieve the MDG4 (reduce child
mortality) target of 43.3 by 2015. However, the rate in rural areas is almost twice that of
urban areas, and this will also need to be addressed. IMR is also in declining trend, but
challenges remain to meet the MDG target of 28.3 by 2015. Meanwhile, immunization
data are encouraging; Myanmar is free from wild poliovirus transmission and measles
immunization coverage increased from 82% in 2008 to 88.0% in 2011. In November
2012, Myanmar introduced Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) as a pentavalent vaccine
(DPT+HepB+Hib) in the immunization programme. Based on these trends, the 2015
target of 90% coverage for DTP 3/ Penta3, free from wild poliovirus transmission is
expected to be fulfilled. Reducing maternal morality under MDG5 represents a major
challenge and will require significant efforts to meet the goal. About 88% of deliveries
take place at home with maternal deaths overwhelmingly predominant in rural areas.
On the positive side, the proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel
increased from 51% in 2001 to 70.6% in 2010.
MDG6 – combating HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases – has a major potential
to be achieved by 2015. Myanmar already has achieved the goal of a 50% reduction in
malaria morbidity and mortality since 2007, with use of insecticide-treated nets (ITN)
more than doubling between 2004 and 2008. At the same time the tuberculosis (TB)
death rate target has been achieved and the TB incidence target is on track. However,
additional efforts are needed to meet the MDG target of halving the TB prevalence
rate by 2015 as compared to 1990. The main challenges include finding the many
undetected/unreached TB cases, scaling up multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB management
and reducing the dual burden of TB and HIV/AIDS. With regard to HIV/AIDS, the
epidemic is considered to have stabilized nationally since 2000, with hot spots of high
HIV transmission identified at several locations. Continued focus is needed on mostatrisk groups to maintain initial positive achievements. Major challenges also exist to scale
up HIV treatment, which now covers only about 1 in 3 of those in need.
The strong Government commitment to comprehensive development, including the
health sector, is seen in the Framework for Economic and Social Reform (FESR), which
outlines key parameters of the reform process. FESR is an essential tool to realize both
the short- and long-term policy agenda of the Government over the three-year period
starting in 2013, i.e. focusing on both immediate actions as well as on issues that require
in-depth analysis and/or consensus-building. In the health sector, the Government will
focus on a number of innovative measures in health financing. Particular attention will
be paid to allocating more resources to rural primary health care (PHC), infectious
disease control and maternal and child health, in view of the acute need to improve
health indicators in all these areas.
At the ministerial level, ‘Myanmar Health Vision 2030’ was drawn up in 2000 to
meet future health challenges. Supporting this ambitious, long-term health development
plan, the Ministry of Health has formulated the National Health Plan (NHP) 2011–2016,
which is aligned with the latest five-year National Development Plan, the Rural Health
Development Plan, the Project for Upgrading Hospitals, and the National Plan for
Promoting National Education. As such, the NHP is an integral part of the national
economic and development blueprint. It takes account of the prevailing health problems
in the country, the need to realize the health-related goals of the MDG, the significance
of strengthening the health system and the growing importance of social, economic and
environmental determinants of health. WHO has closely collaborated with all health
stakeholders in Myanmar in the successive phases of the NHPs – its strategies and plans,
resource mobilization, implementation and monitoring processes – and in providing
technical advice for the development of the health sector in Myanmar.
Poverty is the principal constraint to improving health status, compounded by factors
affecting vulnerability, difficult-to-reach areas and conflict among ethnic groups. The
Government has undertaken remarkable efforts to build understanding among these
ethnic groups in order to establish a peaceful environment that fosters development.
To address poverty, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) introduced the Human Development Index (HDI) in 1994, and provided a significant impact in
building community capacity for self-reliance. In moving forward the socioeconomic
growth of the country, official development assistance (ODA) plays a significant role in
health sector programmes. The total ODA provided to Myanmar was US$ 109.5 million
(US$22.6 million, 20.7% for health) in 2002, increasing in 2009 to US$ 390.7 million
(US$ 61.2 million, 15.7% for health). The aid environment is expanding and reaching
all development sectors. UN Country Team is also engaging in a common framework
– UN Strategic Framework – to assist Myanmar. Now in its second cycle, the present
UN Strategic Framework 2012–2016 addresses four priority issues: encourage inclusive
growth, increase equitable access to quality social services, reduce vulnerability and
promote good governance.
WHO is the lead agency in health sector of the country, in which it actively
collaborates in all development processes and capacity building of the health system.
The CCS follows the guidance of the Twelfth General Programme of Work and regional
orientations and priorities. During its elaboration, the social developments emerging
from the national reform process and key health challenges confronting the country
were carefully synthesized to feed into the strategic agendas and priorities. Close
consideration was given to the contributions by other external partners in identifying
challenges and gaps in health sector cooperation, as well as to lessons learnt from a
review of WHO’s cooperation over the last CCS cycle. Special consideration was also
given to accelerating achievement of the health-related MDG targets by 2015. The
strategic priorities of the CCS 2014–2018 are:
(1) Strengthening the health system.
(2) Enhancing the achievement of communicable disease control targets.
(3) Controlling the growth of the noncommunicable disease burden.
(4) Promoting health throughout the life course.
(5) Strengthening capacity for emergency risk management and surveillance
systems for various health threats.
The priority areas will be addressed through a coordinated programme of work
that will seek to harness the potential strengths of stakeholders The first priority area
is to enhance national capacity to strengthen the health system, including equity in
health, increased access to services, and an adequate and sustainable health-care
financing mechanism. The second priority area is to enhance the achievement of the
communicable disease control targets and MDGs; the third priority area comprises
controlling the growth of noncommunicable disease burden and minimizing the major
risk factors prevalent in the environment. The fourth area aims to strengthen health
system to improve the health conditions of women, children and adolescents and ensure
accountability through reporting on progress towards reproductive and sexual health
as part of achieving the MDGs. The fifth priority area is to prevent disease outbreaks through improved rapid response. For each of the strategic priorities, a set of main
areas of focus and strategic approaches have been formulated.
In addition to the five priority areas, WHO will continue its core functions as directed
by its governing bodies and will actively cooperate with Myanmar on any other public
health challenges. The impact of changes in budgets and staffing with required skills
and competency in the WHO Country Office are expected to be moderate. The CCS
will be implemented in close alignment and in harmonization with the national strategic
agenda and the UN Strategic Framework. WHO will focus its efforts on achieving the
targets identified by the health sector of the country..."
Professor Pe Thet Khin, Dr Poonam Khetrapal Singh
Source/publisher:
World Health Organisation (WHO)
Date of publication:
2018-01-01
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
World Health Organisation (WHO), General studies and surveys on health in Burma, Myanmar's Health Policy
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
630.38 KB
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Description:
"Government is leading the response, with support
provided by national and international humanitarian
organizations...Ministry of Health & Sports (MoHS) leading the
health response, coordinated through Health
Emergency Operations Centre...Figures on population displacement to temporary evacuation sites are rapidly changing, cumulative
total is 153 744 people...Continuing health service provision by MoHS with field operation visits in Bilin and Kyaikmaraw townships, Mon State3...Wells previously inundated by floodwaters were
treated with chlorine in Kya-In Seikgyi Township, Kayin State by the Township Health Department...20 000 oral rehydration sachets provided to floodaffected population of Kyaikmaraw Township, Mon
State through the Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement5...Myanmar Medical Association, Yangon Region,
deployed a medical team to Bago Region..."
Source/publisher:
World Health Organisation (WHO)
Date of publication:
2018-08-12
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
World Health Organisation (WHO), Burma/Myanmar reports to international bodies and mechanisms, Natural Disasters - General
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
284.16 KB
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Description:
"Heavy monsoon rains since early July 2018 have
resulted in flooding...Four states and regions have been affected...More than 120,000 people have been displaced in up to 288 evacuation centres...Government is leading the response, with the
Ministry of Health and Sports (MoHS) spearheading the health response...MoHS activated the Health Emergency
Operations Centre which have been monitoring and coordinating among central, state, and township level health departments in order to
ensure an effective health response to all affected population...In Mon State, 2 826 patients received medical
care from respective local health departments,
and with no cases of infectious diseases of public
health concern reported as at 1 Aug 2018..."
Source/publisher:
World Health Organisation (WHO)
Date of publication:
2018-08-02
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
World Health Organisation (WHO), General studies and surveys on health in Burma, Health in different regions of Burma/Myanmar, Burma/Myanmar reports to international bodies and mechanisms, Natural Disasters - General
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
317.48 KB
Local URL:
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Description:
"Emergency health sector preparedness and response
meeting in MoHS led by Union Minister on 27 July
2018...Health sector coordination meeting led by Permanent
secretary on 1 August 2018...Central Health Emergency Operations Center activated 24/7 until present...National Health Cluster meeting was held in MoHS, Naypyidaw, on 20 August 2018. Detailed flood-related actions and updates were shared by MoHS and health
partners...Figures on population displacement are rapidly
changing, cumulative total is 376 evacuation sites (51
sites remaining with 20 938 population)...It is critical to note that water levels in a total of 48 dams and reservoirs have exceeded full levels and are currently overflowing through their spillways5, while
rainy season continues...Integrated allocation strategy (Myanmar
Humanitarian Fund & UN Central Emergency Response
Fund) for the flood response has been launched for all
clusters and sectors...MoHS mobile clinics are implementing active
surveillance for diseases under national surveillance
(DUNS) through event-based reporting...Routine vaccination has been provided among the displaced population in Kayin State, and is planned in Bago Region..."
Source/publisher:
World Health Organisation (WHO)
Date of publication:
2018-08-23
Date of entry/update:
2019-06-13
Grouping:
Individual Documents
Category:
World Health Organisation (WHO), Natural Disasters - General, General studies and surveys on health in Burma, Burma/Myanmar reports to international bodies and mechanisms
Language:
English
Format :
pdf
Size:
365.4 KB
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