OBJECTIVES: This report aims to describe the prevalence of cigarette and other tobacco use as well as information on five determinants of tobacco use of 8th, 9th and 10th students in Myanmar: access/ availability and price, environmental tobacco smoke exposure (ETS), cessation, media and advertising, and school curriculum. These determinants are components of the comprehensive tobacco control programme of Myanmar. The report also describes the knowledge, attitudes and behaviour regarding to tobacco use, the extent to which they receive anti-tobacco information in schools and from media and the extent they were exposed to pro-tobacco messages..... METHODS: A multi-stage, school-based, two ?cluster survey ( n= 6,100, 8th, 9th and 10th graders) was conducted in 100 basic education middle and high schools of Myanmar, using a pre-tested, modified questionnaire based on the Global Youth Tobacco Survey questionnaire developed by Office on Smoking and Health of Center for Communicable Disease Control, Atlanta..... INTRODUCTION: Tobacco use is the biggest public health tragedy since it is estimated to kill approximately half of its long-term users, and of these, half will die during productive middle age, losing 20 to 25 years of life. Peto and Lopez estimated that about 100 million people were killed by tobacco in the 20th century and that for the 21st century; the cumulative number could be 1 billion of current smokers.1 The increased use of tobacco is one of the greatest public health threats for the 21st century and the tobacco epidemic is being spread and reinforced through complex mix of factors that transcend national borders. For the international public health community tobacco is clearly a global threat. Globalization of the tobacco epide mic restricts the capacity of countries to regulate tobacco through domestic legislation alone. In response to the globalization of the tobacco epidemic, the 191 member States of World Health Organization unanimously adopted the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control at the 56th World Health Assembly in May 2003, as a global complement to national actions. Myanmar, along with other Member Countries of the WHO South-East Asia Region is one of the Parties to the Convention. Surveillance of tobacco use is one of the components of the WHOFCTC; more than a surveillance tool on prevalence of tobacco use, the GYTS covers many important determinants of tobacco use which has been addressed in the FCTC such as advertising, cessation, education at schools, promoting of community awareness through anti-tobacco campaigns, access of tobacco products by minors and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).