1. Introduction; 2. Background to International Election Observation; 3. OSCE Commitments and Other International Standards for Democratic Elections; 4. Assessing the Conditions and Needs for Election-Related Activities; 5. Responding to the Needs of OSCE Participating States; 6. The Structure of an ODIHR Election Observation Mission; 7. Observing the Pre-Election Period; 8. Observing Election Day; 9. Observing the Vote Count and Tabulation; 10. Reporting, Debriefing and Statements; 11. Post-Election Observation; 12. Closing Down the Mission; 13. Partnerships; 14. The Final Report; 15. Follow-Up; Annexes; Annex A: OSCE Commitments on Elections; Annex B: Sample Observation Forms for Voting; Annex C: Glossary of Terms; Annex D: OSCE/ODIHR Publications Related to Elections