CHAPTER 1: Introduction and Context...GEO-6 healthy planet, healthy people - humanity's transformative challenge... UNEP's flagship assessment to deliver the environmental dimension of the 2030 agenda...GEO-6 in a changing global context. Environmental governance..The environmental dimension of the sustainable development goals, global environmental governance and multilateral environmental agreements.. GEO-6 in the context of other environmental assessments...GEO-6 approach, theory of change and structure.....CHAPTER 2: Drivers of Environmental Change.. ...Introduction and context...Changes since the last assessment...Population...Urbanization...Economic development...Technology, innovation, and global sustainability...limate change...Unravelling drivers and their interactions... References...... CHAPTER 3: The Current State of our Data and Knowledge...The demand for environmental statistics and data...History of environmental statistics...Better data for a healthy planet with healthy people...Gender and social-environment intersectionality...Equity and human-environment interactions...Existing data systems...CHAPTER 4: Cross-cutting Issues.. People and livelihoods.. Changing environments...Resources and materials...STATE OF THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT..... CHAPTER 5: Air .... Pressures: emissions...State: atmospheric composition and climate..Impacts...Response: policies and governance... CHAPTER 6: Biodiversity..... Global state and trends of biodiversity... Impacts on the world's biomes.... CHAPTER 7: Oceans and Coasts.... CHAPTER 8: Land and Soil... Land resources and the sustainable development goals... CHAPTER 9: Freshwater.. Pressures on freshwater.....Water and land use..Global state and trends of freshwater Water quality... Freshwater ecosystems... Water infrastructure... Impacts ...Policy responses.... PART B: POLICIES, GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE: AN ASSESSMENT OF THEIR EFFECTIVENESS.... CHAPTER 10: Approach to Assessment of Policy Effectiveness 10.2 Environmental policy and governance...Policy instruments...Policy mixes and coherence...Methodology adopted to assess policy effectiveness...Top-down evaluation methodology... Bottom-up evaluation methodology... CHAPTER 11: Policy Theory and Practice..... Policy design .... Policy integration Effectiveness of international and multilevel governance ..... CHAPTER 12: Air Policy....Key policies and governance approaches........ CHAPTER 13: Biodiversity Policy.... 13.2 Key policies and governance approaches ......Indicators: Biodiversity policy..... CHAPTER 14: Oceans and Coastal Policy....Key policies and governance approaches ....CHAPTER 15: Land and Soil Policy.... 15.2 Key policies and governance approaches .......indicators CHAPTER 16: Freshwater Policy...ey policies and governance approaches...Indicators (link to SDGs and MEAs). CHAPTER 17: Systemic Policy Approaches for Cross-cutting Issues... Cross-cutting policy issues and systemic change... Key actors, policies and governance approaches................................................... 17.3 Adapting socioeconomic systems to be more resilient to climate change... Creating a sustainable agrifood system... Decarbonizing energy systems.... Towards a more circular economy... CHAPTER 18: Conclusions on Policy Effectiveness Overview of the outcomes .....Connections to future policy .... Gaps in knowledge.....Key lessons from the analysis ........ PART C: OUTLOOKS AND PATHWAYS TO A HEALTHY PLANET WITH HEALTHY PEOPLE CHAPTER 19: Outlooks in GEO-6.... Important elements of future-oriented environmental outlooks... A new framework for combining top-down and bottom-up analysis methods The role of scale....Roadmap for Part C of GEO-6.... CHAPTER 20: A Long-Term Vision for 2050 ... 20.2 The environmental dimension of the SDGs................ 20.3 An integrated view on the SDGs... 20.4 A long-term vision: selected targets and indicators. CHAPTER 21: Future Developments Without Targeted Policies Global environmental scenarios.... The achievement of SDGs and related MEAs in trend scenarios... Are we achieving the targets?...... CHAPTER 22: Pathways Toward Sustainable Development Pathways definition.... Pathways towards achieving the targets... An integrated approach..... CHAPTER 23: Bottom-up Initiatives and Participatory Approaches for Outlooks... 23.2 Integrating global assessments and bottom-up analyses.....Sub-global assessments in a multilevel context...Bottom-up futures based on existing local practices... Methodological rationale and approach.....Investigating the broad landscape of bottom-up initiatives ...GEO-6 participatory initiatives... GEO-6 Regional Assessments... Findings from a bottom-up approach... GEO Regional Assessment synthesis ...... Regional outlook interventions and bottom-up initiatives....Enabling conditions for transformations .... Key messages. Key interventions and a critical need to recognize distributive justice given global inequities and inequality...CHAPTER 24: The Way Forward.....Approaches for environmental policy: strategic and transformative... Transformative change....Building blocks for transformation . Healthy planet, healthy people: challenge and opportunity... Emerging tools for environmental assessment ..... Environmental monitoring for the future....Conclusion: challenges, gaps and opportunities... Mission of the sixth Global Environment Outlook...... Range of integrated environmental assessments which the sixth Global Environment Outlook draws from .. Theory of Change for the sixth Global Environment Outlook (GEO-6)....... Structure and rationale for confidence statements used in the sixth Global Environment Outlook..... Towards monitoring the environmental dimension of the SDGs...... The principal biodiversity-related Conventions... Water contaminants and occurrences..... Biodiversity conservation and International Environmental Agreements (IEAs).... Overview of key policy developments and governance responses at a global level... Bottom-up Initiative platforms and results....