"Context On 14 May 2023, cyclone Mocha made landfall in Myanmar, accompanied by violent gusts, torrential rainfall and flooding. Mocha caused significant disruption to the lives and livelihoods of more than 40 percent of farming households in Ayeyarwady, Chin, Kachin, Magway and Sagaing, and more than 80 percent in Rakhine. The climate-induced disaster struck some of the most vulnerable rural communities at a time when they were already grappling with a growing food security crisis.1 Moreover, agricultural production had been steadily declining, and more than half of farmers reported a drop in agricultural production in January 2023. Cyclone Mocha damaged approximately 327 000 ha of agricultural lands, wiping out agricultural production worth an estimated USD 22.6 million.3 Furthermore, nearly 13 000 heads of livestock were lost, valued at approximately USD 6.7 million. Mocha also inflicted severe damage on critical agricultural infrastructures, fisheries, and vital seed stocks. According to the findings of a household survey conducted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in Ayeyarwady, Chin, Kachin, Magway, Rakhine and Sagaing, half of the surveyed farming and livestock-keeping households reported loss of productive assets. FAO further estimates that nearly half of the fishing equipment in Sittwe (Rakhine state) was damaged. Additionally, according to the findings of a series of key informant interviews conducted by FAO in 11 townships in Rakhine state, two in every three farming households, two in every five agropastoral households, and more than one in every three fishing households lost their productive assets. Of particular concern, coastal areas in Rakhine are likely experiencing saline water intrusion due to their low-lying locations relative to sea level. As the multidimensional crisis continues and considering the impacts of Mocha on rural communities, food production may decline further, and more people could lack access to food. With three in four people dependent on agriculture for their livelihoods, emergency livelihoods support to farmers, fishers and livestock keepers is crucial in preventing a decline in food security. Accordingly, and in line with Cyclone Mocha Flash Appeal, FAO aims to scale up emergency livelihoods support to the most vulnerable rural households in the affected areas..."